Gohil Jigna, Modi Anjali, Patel Hiteshree
Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India.
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Nov;13(11):5270-5277. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_855_24. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
Chikungunya's resurgence highlights reporting and awareness challenges.
To analyze trends in 170 laboratory-confirmed Chikungunya cases in Urban Surat's Central Sentinel Surveillance (2016-2020), supplemented by a subset (n = 30) examining perceptions, attitudes, and risk reduction practices based on notification level.
Notification rates peaked in 2017 (1.14 cases/100,000). A high House Index (>1) was observed in 59% (2018) and 58% (2019) of cases. Seasonal peaks occurred in November (31%) and December (24.7%), with no private sector notifications. Highest case rates were in South (9.2) and Southeast (8.1) zones. Over half of the cases in Central (69.2%), Southeast (67.2%), and South (52.8%) zones had a House Index >1 ( = 0.001), indicating significant indoor mosquito breeding. Median age was 37 years (30-43), with females comprising 65.3% of cases. Awareness of mosquitoes as vectors (40%) and their day-biting behavior (26.7%) was low, despite familiarity with Abate larvicide (60%). Prevention methods included mosquito coils (76%) and fumigation (73%), with less emphasis on water change (40%) and container maintenance (23%). Only 13% perceived Chikungunya as preventable, with low readiness for community engagement (13%). Misconceptions included considering chemical fogging sufficient (63%) and neglecting water-logging as a health concern (40%). Few implemented risk reduction measures (23% removing stagnant water, 20% weekly water change).
Fluctuating notifications and unnoticed surges in 2019-2020 underscore the need for continuous, standardized surveillance. Higher case rates in southern and central regions were linked to high indoor breeding. The lack of private sector reporting and underreporting indicate a need for integrated surveillance. Awareness and adoption of -specific risk reduction practices remain low, with persistent misconceptions and poor attitudes.
基孔肯雅热的再度流行凸显了报告和认知方面的挑战。
分析苏拉特市中部哨点监测（2016 - 2020年）中170例实验室确诊的基孔肯雅热病例的趋势，并辅以一个子集（n = 30），该子集根据报告水平研究认知、态度和风险降低措施。
报告率在2017年达到峰值（1.14例/10万）。59%（2018年）和58%（2019年）的病例观察到较高的房屋指数（>1）。季节性高峰出现在11月（31%）和12月（24.7%），没有私营部门的报告。病例率最高的是南部（9.2）和东南部（8.1）区域。中部（69.2%）、东南部（67.2%）和南部（52.8%）区域超过一半的病例房屋指数>1（P = 0.001），表明室内蚊子繁殖显著。中位年龄为37岁（30 - 43岁），女性占病例的65.3%。尽管对杀螟松幼虫杀虫剂熟悉（60%），但将蚊子视为传播媒介的认知（40%）及其白天叮咬行为的认知（26.7%）较低。预防方法包括蚊香（76%）和熏蒸（73%），对换水（40%）和容器维护（23%）的重视程度较低。只有13%的人认为基孔肯雅热是可预防的，社区参与意愿较低（13%）。误解包括认为化学喷雾就足够了（63%）以及忽视积水对健康的影响（40%）。很少有人采取风险降低措施（23%清除积水，20%每周换水）。
2019 - 2020年报告波动以及未被注意到的病例激增凸显了持续进行标准化监测的必要性。南部和中部地区较高的病例率与室内高繁殖率有关。私营部门报告的缺乏和报告不足表明需要综合监测。对特定风险降低措施的认知和采用仍然较低，存在持续的误解和不良态度。
