Junior Resident, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Associate Professor and Head, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Indian J Public Health. 2019 Jul-Sep;63(3):178-185. doi: 10.4103/ijph.IJPH_321_19.
Globally, vector-borne diseases account for 17% of infectious disease burden. In India, despite accelerated efforts, both malaria and dengue are major public health concern. Understanding local community perspectives is essential to strengthen ongoing program activities.
The study aimed to assess the community perceptions and risk reduction practices toward prevention and control of malaria and dengue at slums of Chetla in South Kolkata and to explore the perspectives of relevant local stakeholders in this regard.
This cross-sectional study with mixed-method design was conducted from June to September 2018. Quantitative data were collected in 288 sampled households through face-to-face interview of respondents and environmental checklist, whereas, qualitative exploration was done with five key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 Software. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically using "cut and sort" processing technique.
In household survey, majority had unsatisfactory knowledge (68.4%), attitude (64.2%), and practices (62.8%) regarding diseases prevention/control, which was further substantiated by qualitative findings. The use of electric fans (79.5%), mosquito repellents (53.8%) were predominant practices; however, only a few used bed nets regularly (26.0%). Reportedly, "heat" and "poor ventilation" were key reasons behind reluctance to use bed nets. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that increasing age, proximity to a nearby canal, and unsatisfactory knowledge significantly predicted unfavorable attitude, whereas, respondents' gender and unfavorable attitude significantly predicted poor practices.
Intensified social behavior change communication with active community participation is the need of the hour to prevent malaria and dengue occurrence and future outbreaks.
在全球范围内，虫媒传染病占传染病负担的 17%。在印度，尽管已经在加速努力，但疟疾和登革热仍然是主要的公共卫生关注点。了解当地社区的观点对于加强正在进行的项目活动至关重要。
本研究旨在评估南加尔各答切特拉贫民窟社区对疟疾和登革热的预防和控制的认知和减少风险的做法，并探讨相关利益相关者的观点。
这是一项横断面研究，采用混合方法设计，于 2018 年 6 月至 9 月进行。通过面对面访谈受访者和环境检查表，在 288 个抽样家庭中收集定量数据，而在这方面则进行了五项关键知情人访谈的定性探索。使用 SPSS 版本 16 软件分析定量数据。使用“切割和分类”处理技术对定性数据进行主题分析。
在家庭调查中，大多数人对疾病预防/控制的知识（68.4%）、态度（64.2%）和实践（62.8%）不满意，这一结果进一步得到了定性发现的证实。使用电扇（79.5%）、驱蚊剂（53.8%）是主要的做法；然而，只有少数人经常使用蚊帐（26.0%）。据报道，“热”和“通风不良”是不愿意使用蚊帐的主要原因。多变量回归分析显示，年龄增长、靠近附近运河以及知识不足显著预测了不良态度，而受访者的性别和不良态度显著预测了不良实践。
需要加强社会行为改变沟通，并积极让社区参与，以预防疟疾和登革热的发生和未来的爆发。
