Vida Hashemi, Sahar Mehranfar, Nikdouz Amin, Arezoo Hosseini
Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Immunol Cell Biol. 2025 Mar;103(3):275-292. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12843. Epub 2024 Dec 26.
Neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation disorders are mainly the result of the deposition of various proteins, such as α-synuclein, amyloid-β and prions, which lead to the initiation and activation of inflammatory responses. Different chemokines are involved in the infiltration and movement of inflammatory leukocytes into the central nervous system (CNS) that express chemokine receptors. Dysregulation of several members of chemokines has been shown in the CNS, cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood of patients who have neurodegenerative disorders. Upon infiltration of various cells, they produce many inflammatory mediators such as cytokines. Besides them, some CNS-resident cells, such as neurons and astrocytes, are also involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration by producing chemokines. In this review, we summarize the role of chemokines and their related receptors in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation disorders, including multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Therapeutic strategies targeting chemokines or their related receptors are also discussed in this article.
神经退行性变和神经炎症性疾病主要是各种蛋白质沉积的结果，如α-突触核蛋白、β-淀粉样蛋白和朊病毒，这些蛋白质会引发并激活炎症反应。不同的趋化因子参与表达趋化因子受体的炎症白细胞向中枢神经系统（CNS）的浸润和移动。在患有神经退行性疾病的患者的中枢神经系统、脑脊液和外周血中，已显示几种趋化因子成员存在失调。各种细胞浸润后，会产生许多炎症介质，如细胞因子。除此之外，一些中枢神经系统驻留细胞，如神经元和星形胶质细胞，也通过产生趋化因子参与神经退行性变的发病机制。在本综述中，我们总结了趋化因子及其相关受体在神经退行性变和神经炎症性疾病发病机制中的作用，包括多发性硬化症、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病。本文还讨论了针对趋化因子或其相关受体的治疗策略。
