Ivanova O M, Chepurny M I, Masiuk S V, Vasylenko V V, Kuriata M S, Buderatska V B, Boiko Z N, Bilonyk A B, Fedosenko G V, Morozov V V, Gorbachov S G, Zhadan N S, Tereshchenko S O, Hubina I G, Drozdovitch V V
State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
State institution «Ukrainian Center of Information Technologies and National Register of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine», 119/121 Beresteiskyi Ave., Kyiv, 03115, Ukraine.
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol. 2024 Dec(29):115-151. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-115-151.
Scientific justification of the methodology for calculating radiation internal doses from 137Cs and 134Cs intake for residents of Ukrainian settlements radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) accident in which measurements of incorporated radiocesium isotopes in humans using whole-body counters (WBC) were not carried out.
The paper presents a new methodology for reconstructing doses due to internal irradiation from Chornobyl fallout for both surface (in 1986) and root (in 1987-2023) contamination of vegetation with 137Cs and 134Cs and their transfer into the human body. The methodology for calculating the dose due to surface contamination of vegetation was based on the theoretical model of the transfer of radiocesium isotopes through the food chain with further adjustment of this model to the results of WBC measurements carried out between 15 July and 31 December 1986. For root intake, an ecological dosimetric model is used with the parameters determined by the types, quality and completeness of cow's milk and WBC monitoring carried out in radioactively contaminated territories in 1987-2013. In the absence of WBC measurements, the doses were estimated considering the properties and specifics of radioactive contamination of environmental objects in each region: soil type, levels of soil and milk contamination, and milk equivalent.
A new methodology for reconstruction of internal doses from radionuclides 137Cs and 134Cs to residents of the territories of Ukraine radioactively contaminated due to the Chernobyl disaster is substantiated. The methodology is based on the analysis of all data obtained as the result of radioecological and dosimetric monitoring carried out in Ukraine after the accident.
According to the methodology developed in the work, the calculation of annual internal doses to residents of settlements that were not covered by WBC monitoring is based on the measurements of the 137Cs activity in the milk of private farms, which were carried out in these settlements. In the absence of such measurements, a linear regression model which connect the incorporated in human body 137Cs with four groups of soils in the vicinity of the settlement is used for doses calculation. The doses calculated according to the new methodology agree with the dosesderived directly from the results of WBC measurements.
对乌克兰因切尔诺贝利（Chornobyl）事故而受到放射性污染的定居点居民，计算因摄入137Cs和134Cs所致内照射剂量的方法进行科学论证，此次事故中未使用全身计数器（WBC）对人体中摄入的放射性铯同位素进行测量。
本文提出了一种新方法，用于重建切尔诺贝利沉降物造成的内照射剂量，该沉降物对植被的表面污染（1986年）和根部污染（1987 - 2023年）均含137Cs和134Cs，并研究了它们向人体的转移情况。计算植被表面污染所致剂量的方法基于放射性铯同位素通过食物链转移的理论模型，并根据1986年7月15日至12月31日期间进行的全身计数器测量结果对该模型进行进一步调整。对于根部摄入，使用生态剂量学模型，其参数由1987 - 2013年在放射性污染地区进行的牛奶类型、质量和完整性以及全身计数器监测确定。在没有全身计数器测量结果的情况下，考虑每个地区环境物体放射性污染的特性和具体情况来估算剂量：土壤类型、土壤和牛奶污染水平以及牛奶当量。
论证了一种新方法，用于重建因切尔诺贝利灾难而受到放射性污染的乌克兰地区居民因137Cs和134Cs放射性核素所致的内照射剂量。该方法基于对事故后在乌克兰进行的放射生态和剂量学监测所获得的所有数据的分析。
根据本研究中开发的方法，对未进行全身计数器监测的定居点居民的年度内照射剂量计算，基于在这些定居点对私人农场牛奶中137Cs活度的测量。在没有此类测量的情况下，使用将人体中摄入的137Cs与定居点附近的四类土壤联系起来的线性回归模型进行剂量计算。根据新方法计算的剂量与直接从全身计数器测量结果得出的剂量一致。
