West Kylee S, Helwig Nate J, Schwager Laura E, Hart Thomas W, Zucker Anna C, Venenga Jacob S, Flores Mark, Jenkins Nathaniel D M
Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology & Lifestyle Medicine, Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States.
Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2025 Feb 1;138(2):358-365. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00874.2024. Epub 2024 Dec 26.
We examined the effect of habitual preexercise caffeine supplementation on training-induced adaptations to exercising systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), heart rate (HR), and double product (DP). Young women (means ± SD; 24 ± 7 yr) were randomized to a caffeine (120 mg) supplement (CAF; = 17) or placebo (PLA; = 16) group, completed 6 wk of high-intensity exercise training on three nonconsecutive days per week, and supplemented with CAF or PLA 30-60 min before exercise or else upon waking. Before (PRE) and after (POST) the intervention, SBP, DBP, and HR were measured and PP and DP were calculated, at rest and during fixed-power exercise at 50 and 75 W. Statistical analyses included three-way mixed-factorial ANOVAs with post hoc comparisons as necessary. Group × intensity × time interactions were observed for SBP ( = 0.0105) and DP ( = 0.003). SBP and DP increased with increasing exercise intensity at PRE and POST in both groups. However, although SBP and DP decreased PRE to POST at 50 and 75 W in PLA, SBP and DP did not change at any intensity from PRE to POST in CAF. An intensity × time interaction was observed for DBP ( = 0.006) indicating no change in resting DBP, but reductions from PRE to POST at 50 and 75 W that were independent of group. Main effects of intensity ( < 0.0001) and time ( = 0.03) were observed for HR, and a main effect of intensity was observed for PP ( < 0.0001). Habitual caffeine supplementation blunted training-induced reductions in exercising SBP and DP. Individuals may wish to avoid preexercise supplementation if seeking to maximize the BP-lowering benefits of exercise. Habitual preexercise caffeine consumption prevented reductions in exercising systolic blood pressure and double product induced by 6 wk of high-intensity exercise in women. Therefore, our findings indicate that habitual preexercise caffeine supplementation may impede beneficial hemodynamic adaptations of exercise training in healthy, young women.
我们研究了习惯性运动前补充咖啡因对训练诱导的运动收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、脉压（PP）、心率（HR）和双乘积（DP）适应性变化的影响。年轻女性（均值±标准差；24±7岁）被随机分为咖啡因（120毫克）补充组（CAF；n = 17）或安慰剂组（PLA；n = 16），每周三天进行非连续的6周高强度运动训练，并在运动前30 - 60分钟或醒来后补充CAF或PLA。在干预前（PRE）和干预后（POST），测量静息和50瓦及75瓦固定功率运动时的SBP、DBP和HR，并计算PP和DP。统计分析包括必要时进行的三因素混合方差分析及事后比较。在SBP（P = 0.0105）和DP（P = 0.003）方面观察到组×强度×时间的交互作用。两组在PRE和POST时，SBP和DP均随运动强度增加而升高。然而，虽然PLA组在50瓦和75瓦时SBP和DP从PRE到POST有所下降，但CAF组在任何强度下SBP和DP从PRE到POST均无变化。在DBP方面观察到强度×时间的交互作用（P = 0.006），表明静息DBP无变化，但在50瓦和75瓦时从PRE到POST下降，且与组别无关。在HR方面观察到强度（P < 0.0001）和时间（P = 0.03）的主效应，在PP方面观察到强度的主效应（P < 0.0001）。习惯性补充咖啡因减弱了训练诱导的运动SBP和DP的降低。如果想要最大化运动对血压的降低益处，个体可能希望避免运动前补充。习惯性运动前摄入咖啡因可防止6周高强度运动诱导的女性运动收缩压和双乘积降低。因此，我们的研究结果表明，习惯性运动前补充咖啡因可能会阻碍健康年轻女性运动训练有益的血流动力学适应性变化。
