Godbole Amruta M, Chen Aimin, Vuong Ann M
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada Las Vegas, School of Public Health, Las Vegas, Nevada.
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Environ Epidemiol. 2024 Dec 24;9(1):e358. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000358. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Toxicological studies suggest neonicotinoids increase oxidative stress and inflammation, but few epidemiological studies have explored these effects.
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2016 data were used to estimate associations between neonicotinoid exposure and inflammatory markers, including the C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte count ratio (CLR), monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) using linear and multinomial logistic regression models. Sex was evaluated as a potential modifier.
Detection of any parent neonicotinoid ( = -0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.98, -0.26) and imidacloprid ( = -0.48, 95% CI = -0.87, -0.10) was associated with decreased CLR. Clothianidin was linked to reduced MLR ( = -0.04, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.02), but increased lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio ( = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.27, 0.77). Higher dNLR ( = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.26, 1.43) was noted with detection of any neonicotinoid metabolite. Moderately high PLR was observed with detection of any neonicotinoid metabolite (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.27, 2.09) or 5-hydroxy-imidacloprid (RRR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.40, 3.41). Sex-modified analyses showed positive associations in males and inverse associations in females for MHR ( = 0.099, clothianidin), PLR ( = 0.026, clothianidin), and SII ( = 0.056, any parent neonicotinoid; = 0.002, clothianidin), while the opposite pattern was noted with CLR ( = 0.073, any parent neonicotinoid) and NLR ( = 0.084, clothianidin).
Neonicotinoids may be associated with inflammatory changes, with potential sexual dimorphism. Further studies are required to explore these findings.
毒理学研究表明，新烟碱类物质会增加氧化应激和炎症反应，但很少有流行病学研究探讨这些影响。
使用2015 - 2016年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据，通过线性和多项逻辑回归模型估计新烟碱类物质暴露与炎症标志物之间的关联，这些炎症标志物包括C反应蛋白与淋巴细胞计数比值（CLR）、单核细胞与高密度脂蛋白比值（MHR）、单核细胞与淋巴细胞比值（MLR）、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、衍生NLR（dNLR）、淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值、血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）以及全身免疫炎症指数（SII）。将性别作为一个潜在的效应修饰因素进行评估。
检测到任何母体新烟碱类物质（β = -0.62，95%置信区间[CI] = -0.98，-0.26）和吡虫啉（β = -0.48，95% CI = -0.87，-0.10）与CLR降低有关。噻虫胺与MLR降低有关（β = -0.04，95% CI = -0.07，-0.02），但与淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值升高有关（β = 0.52，95% CI = 0.27，0.77）。检测到任何新烟碱类代谢物时，dNLR较高（β = 0.85；95% CI = 0.26，1.43）。检测到任何新烟碱类代谢物（相对危险比[RRR] = 1.63，95% CI = 1.27，2.09）或5 - 羟基吡虫啉（RRR = 2.19，95% CI = 1.40，3.41）时，观察到PLR中度升高。性别修饰分析显示，对于MHR（β = 0.099，噻虫胺）、PLR（β = 0.026，噻虫胺）和SII（β = 0.056，任何母体新烟碱类物质；β = 0.002，噻虫胺），男性呈正相关，女性呈负相关，而对于CLR（β = 0.073，任何母体新烟碱类物质）和NLR（β = 0.084，噻虫胺），情况则相反。
新烟碱类物质可能与炎症变化有关，且存在潜在的性别差异。需要进一步的研究来探索这些发现。
