Botsi Varvara, Bourdas Dimitrios I, Travlos Antonios K, Bakirtzoglou Panteleimon, Gofas Dimitrios C, Ktistakis Ioannis E, Zacharakis Emmanouil
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece.
Section of Sport Medicine & Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2024 Dec 19;9(4):278. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9040278.
: This study examined the influence of competition level and player position on shooting accuracy and kinematic parameters in U18 male basketball players, focusing on two-point jump shots and free throws. : Thirty-eight higher-level (HL-group) and forty-one lower-level (LL-group) participants, categorized into guard, forward, and center subgroups, completed a two-point basketball shooting test, followed by a free-throw shooting test after a 30 min interval. These tests were administered using a crossover, counterbalanced approach with the Latin square method to ensure effective randomization. : The results indicated that the HL group displayed significantly faster (12.5%) shot release times (RTs) and closer-to-optimal 45° (8.1%) ball entry angles (EAs) into the hoop for free throws, as well as superior (24.2%) shot success rates (SSRs) for two-point jump shots compared with the LL group. Across all groups and subgroups, a higher EA was achieved in two-point shots than in free throws, though free throws showed higher SSR. This study found no positional differences in shooting mechanics or performance, suggesting that modern training practices may foster consistency across player roles. : These findings emphasize the potential for targeted drills to improve RTs, EAs, and SSRs, especially in LL players. Coaches can apply these insights to enhance shooting mechanics and consistency, thereby elevating performance in young basketball athletes. Future research should investigate the impact of fatigue and defensive pressure on shooting parameters across varied competitive contexts.
本研究考察了比赛水平和球员位置对18岁以下男性篮球运动员投篮准确性和运动学参数的影响，重点关注两分跳投和罚球。38名高水平（HL组）和41名低水平（LL组）参与者，分为后卫、前锋和中锋亚组，完成了一项两分篮球投篮测试，30分钟后进行罚球投篮测试。这些测试采用交叉、平衡的方法和拉丁方设计，以确保有效的随机化。结果表明，与LL组相比，HL组罚球时的出手时间（RT）明显更快（快12.5%），篮球入篮角度（EA）更接近最佳的45°（近8.1%），两分跳投的投篮成功率（SSR）也更高（高24.2%）。在所有组和亚组中，两分投篮的EA高于罚球，尽管罚球的SSR更高。本研究发现投篮技术或表现不存在位置差异，这表明现代训练方法可能促进球员角色间的一致性。这些发现强调了有针对性的训练在改善RT、EA和SSR方面的潜力，尤其是对LL组球员。教练可以运用这些见解来改进投篮技术和提高一致性，从而提升年轻篮球运动员的表现。未来的研究应调查疲劳和防守压力对不同比赛环境下投篮参数的影响。
