Furlanello Tommaso, Mazzotta Elisa, Bertasio Cristina, D'Incau Mario, Bellinati Laura, Lucchese Laura, Natale Alda
Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory San Marco, Via dell'Industria, 35030 Veggiano, Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2024 Nov 22;9(12):285. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed9120285.
Leptospirosis is a widespread disease throughout the world, presenting in severe clinical forms in dogs. The pathogenicity of the different serovars in field infections is not fully documented, and clinical diagnosis is often limited to a combination of serological tests and molecular analyses. The latter, although a fundamental tool, cannot identify the infecting strain without further analysis. This study reports the use of various indirect (microscopic agglutination test, MAT) and direct (microbiological culture, real-time PCR) laboratory techniques, followed by typing protocols (Multi-locus Sequence Typing (MLST), Multiple Loci Variable number tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA), serotyping) that allowed for the identification of the serovar Australis in a symptomatic and previously vaccinated dog (vaccine containing heterologous strains). This study reports long-term clinical follow-up (0-640 days) and describes the possible role of the infection in the development of chronic renal failure. This study aims to highlight how a combination of different techniques can be useful to better characterise the environmental circulation of zoonotic agents. Therefore, the identification and isolation of circulating strains would facilitate the updating of epidemiological data, enhance the knowledge of pathogenicity and long-term clinical effects, and provide a valuable resource for improving the efficacy of a specific serovar vaccination.
钩端螺旋体病是一种在全球广泛传播的疾病，在犬类中可呈现严重的临床症状。不同血清型在野外感染中的致病性尚未得到充分记录，临床诊断通常局限于血清学检测和分子分析的组合。后者虽然是一项基本工具，但未经进一步分析无法鉴定感染菌株。本研究报告了使用各种间接（显微镜凝集试验，MAT）和直接（微生物培养、实时PCR）实验室技术，随后采用分型方案（多位点序列分型（MLST）、多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析（MLVA）、血清分型），从而在一只出现症状且先前已接种疫苗（疫苗含异源菌株）的犬中鉴定出澳洲钩端螺旋体血清型。本研究报告了长期临床随访（0 - 640天），并描述了感染在慢性肾衰竭发展过程中可能起到的作用。本研究旨在强调不同技术的组合如何有助于更好地表征人畜共患病原体的环境传播情况。因此，循环菌株的鉴定和分离将有助于更新流行病学数据，增强对致病性和长期临床影响的认识，并为提高特定血清型疫苗接种的效力提供宝贵资源。
