McKeirnan Kimberly C, Giruzzi Megan E, Brand Damianne C, Giruzzi Nick R, Vaitla Kavya, Dang Juliet
Pharmacotherapy Department, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yakima, WA 98901, USA.
CSL Seqirus, Summit, NJ 07901, USA.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2024 Dec 23;12(6):188. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy12060188.
Recommendations from a trusted healthcare provider have been shown to be the most effective intervention for encouraging patients to be vaccinated. However, providers have reported feeling less prepared to address vaccination questions and having less time to discuss vaccines with patients than before the COVID-19 pandemic. Providers may benefit from a brief update about the available influenza vaccines and vaccination guidelines. Academic detailing is an evidence-based approach for preparing healthcare providers to discuss getting vaccinated with patients.
An academic detailing presentation was developed using influenza statistics, vaccination recommendations, and recent local and national immunization rate data. Academic detailing was conducted with physicians and community pharmacy personnel in Yakima County, Washington, between November 2023 and January 2024. Yakima County is designated as a medically underserved area due to a lack of providers. A pre-detailing survey was conducted to evaluate participant knowledge of current ACIP recommendations and gather opinions about local resident vaccination barriers. A post-detailing survey was conducted to gather participants' opinions about the value of detailing.
Prior to the training, 73% of providers believed it was important to discuss influenza vaccination with patients, but only 52% felt confident in combating misinformation. Healthcare providers believed misinformation and vaccine hesitancy are the most common barriers for Yakima County patients, but recent survey results showed that online scheduling systems, long wait times, and limited appointment hours were the predominant issues reported locally. Two out of 12 community pharmacy personnel and zero resident physicians correctly named all three preferentially recommended influenza vaccines for patients 65 years and older. Overall, 96% of detailing participants reported that the session was valuable, 87% believed it would help them combat vaccine misinformation, and 65% reported planning to have more conversations with patients about influenza vaccination after participating.
Physicians and community pharmacy immunizers found the influenza vaccines academic detailing to be valuable. Staying up to date on vaccination guidelines can prepare providers to be confident in having informed conversations with patients about getting vaccinated.
来自值得信赖的医疗服务提供者的建议已被证明是鼓励患者接种疫苗最有效的干预措施。然而，医疗服务提供者报告称，与新冠疫情之前相比，他们对解答疫苗相关问题的准备更不足，且与患者讨论疫苗的时间更少。医疗服务提供者可能会从有关现有流感疫苗和接种指南的简要更新中受益。学术推广是一种基于证据的方法，旨在让医疗服务提供者做好与患者讨论接种疫苗的准备。
利用流感统计数据、接种建议以及近期当地和全国的免疫率数据制作了一份学术推广演示文稿。2023年11月至2024年1月期间，在华盛顿州亚基马县对医生和社区药房工作人员进行了学术推广。由于医疗服务提供者短缺，亚基马县被指定为医疗服务不足地区。在推广前进行了一项调查，以评估参与者对当前美国免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）建议的了解情况，并收集他们对当地居民接种疫苗障碍的看法。推广后进行了一项调查，以收集参与者对推广价值的看法。
在培训前，73%的医疗服务提供者认为与患者讨论流感疫苗接种很重要，但只有52%的人对对抗错误信息有信心。医疗服务提供者认为错误信息和疫苗犹豫是亚基马县患者最常见的障碍，但最近的调查结果显示，在线预约系统、长时间等待和有限的预约时间是当地报告的主要问题。12名社区药房工作人员中有2人，住院医生中无人能正确说出针对65岁及以上患者优先推荐的三种流感疫苗。总体而言，96%的参与推广的人员表示此次培训很有价值，87%的人认为这将有助于他们对抗疫苗错误信息，65%的人报告称计划在参与培训后与患者就流感疫苗接种进行更多交流。
医生和社区药房免疫接种人员认为流感疫苗学术推广很有价值。及时了解接种指南可以让医疗服务提供者有信心与患者进行关于接种疫苗的明智对话。
