Apollaro Gennaro, Panascì Marco, Ouergui Ibrahim, Falcó Coral, Franchini Emerson, Ruggeri Piero, Faelli Emanuela
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Nov 27;12(12):322. doi: 10.3390/sports12120322.
The Multiple Frequency Speed of Kick Test (FSKT) is used to investigate which characteristics are necessary for, contribute to, or limit the ability to repeat high-intensity intermittent efforts in taekwondo. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between anthropometric and body composition characteristics, muscle power performance, and sport-specific anaerobic performance. Nineteen black belt taekwondo athletes (mean ± SD age: 17.2 ± 2.4 years) volunteered to participate. Anthropometric and body composition characteristics (i.e., body height (BH), body mass (BM), fat mass (FM), body fat (BF%), and muscle mass (MM)) and physical performance (squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) tests, and FSKT) were assessed. Data were analyzed with correlation coefficients and simple linear regression. The statistical significance was set at < 0.05. The total number of kicks in FSKT (FSKT) was significantly and positively correlated with MM ( = 0.521, = 0.27, < 0.05) and negatively with BF% ( = -0.499, = 0.25, < 0.05). The FSKT was significantly and positively correlated with SJ ( = 0.520, = 0.27, < 0.05) and CMJ ( = 0.508, = 0.26, < 0.05) performance. Body composition optimization, with appropriate physical training and dietary planning, is relevant in taekwondo as the improvement in the ability to repeat high-intensity intermittent efforts depends on MM, and its worsening on BF%. Lower limb muscle power positively influences the ability to repeat high-intensity intermittent efforts. Therefore, training programs should emphasize ballistic and plyometric exercises.
多频踢腿速度测试（FSKT）用于研究在跆拳道中重复高强度间歇运动的能力需要哪些特征、哪些特征有助于或限制该能力。这项横断面研究调查了人体测量学和身体成分特征、肌肉力量表现与特定运动的无氧运动表现之间的关系。19名跆拳道黑带运动员（平均±标准差年龄：17.2±2.4岁）自愿参与。评估了人体测量学和身体成分特征（即身高（BH）、体重（BM）、脂肪量（FM）、体脂率（BF%）和肌肉量（MM））以及身体表现（深蹲跳（SJ）、纵跳（CMJ）测试和FSKT）。数据采用相关系数和简单线性回归进行分析。统计学显著性设定为<0.05。FSKT中的总踢腿次数与MM显著正相关（r = 0.521，p = 0.27，p < 0.05），与BF%显著负相关（r = -0.499，p = 0.25，p < 0.05）。FSKT与SJ（r = 0.520，p = 0.27，p < 0.05）和CMJ（r = 0.508，p = 0.26，p < 0.05）表现显著正相关。通过适当的体育训练和饮食规划来优化身体成分，在跆拳道中是相关的，因为重复高强度间歇运动能力的提高取决于MM，而其下降取决于BF%。下肢肌肉力量对重复高强度间歇运动的能力有积极影响。因此，训练计划应强调爆发性和增强式练习。
