Gunun Nirawan, Kaewpila Chatchai, Khota Waroon, Phlaetita Wasana, Gunun Pongsatorn
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Phangkhon, Sakon Nakhon 47160, Thailand.
Vet Sci. 2024 Nov 22;11(12):588. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11120588.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of different additives in fermented indigo waste on feed availability, rumen fermentation patterns, blood chemistry, and hematology in beef cattle. Four male crossbred beef cattle with a body weight (BW) of 230 ± 14 kg and 25 months of age were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The indigo waste was ensiled without additive (CON) and with calcium hydroxide (CH), molasses (M), or cellulase (C). The indigo waste silage was incorporated into a fermented total mixed ration (FTMR). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content was lower in C-treated silage. The feed intake did not alter among treatments ( > 0.05). The ensiled indigo waste with additives had no influence on nutrient digestibility ( > 0.05), whereas the ensiled indigo waste with M increased CP digestibility ( < 0.01). The rumen pH, ammonia-nitrogen (NH-N), or volatile fatty acid (VFA) proportions did not change by additive ( > 0.05). However, adding M increased the acetate-to-propionate ratio (C2:C3) ( = 0.04). In addition, the total protein in the blood was higher in C-treated silage ( = 0.01). The homological indices did not change by additive ( > 0.05), except for lymphocytes, which decreased when M and C were added ( < 0.01). In conclusion, adding M and C to indigo waste silage could enhance its nutritional value and improve digestibility, blood chemistry, or health status in beef cattle.
本研究的目的是评估发酵靛蓝废料中不同添加剂对肉牛饲料利用率、瘤胃发酵模式、血液生化指标和血液学的影响。采用4×4拉丁方设计，选用4头体重为230±14 kg、年龄为25个月的雄性杂交肉牛。靛蓝废料分别青贮不添加任何添加剂（CON）、添加氢氧化钙（CH）、糖蜜（M）或纤维素酶（C）。将靛蓝废料青贮料添加到发酵全混合日粮（FTMR）中。经C处理的青贮料中中性洗涤纤维（NDF）含量较低。各处理间采食量无变化（P>0.05）。添加添加剂的青贮靛蓝废料对养分消化率无影响（P>0.05），而添加M的青贮靛蓝废料提高了粗蛋白消化率（P<0.01）。添加剂对瘤胃pH值、氨氮（NH₃-N）或挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）比例无影响（P>0.05）。然而，添加M提高了乙酸与丙酸的比例（C2:C3）（P=0.04）。此外，经C处理的青贮料血液中总蛋白含量较高（P=0.01）。除淋巴细胞外，添加剂对同源指标无影响（P>0.05），添加M和C时淋巴细胞减少（P<0.01）。总之，在靛蓝废料青贮料中添加M和C可提高其营养价值，改善肉牛的消化率、血液生化指标或健康状况。
