Kassa Bekalu Getnet, Demilew Basazinew Chekol, Beyene Fentahun Yenealem, Belay Habtamu Gebrehana
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 27;19(12):e0312569. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312569. eCollection 2024.
Street women are women, who make their living on the streets by begging, sleeping in the streets, or on the sides of roads. They are the most marginalized and neglected segment of society, with little access to health care, including modern contraception, and a lack of knowledge about health services, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to examine modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among street women.
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on observational community-based studies published from January 2010 up to February 1, 2023. PubMed, Google Scholar, HINAR, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and grey literature were used to search primary studies. We used Microsoft Excel for data entry and extracting data. STATA-17 statistical software was used to analyze the data as well and I2 tests evaluated study heterogeneity. The pooled utilization of the modern contraceptive method was predicted using a random-effect model.
A total of eight studies were included. The pooled prevalence of modern contraceptive utilization was 51.89% (95% CI: 40.89-62.9). Being married (OR = 4.22, 95%CI, 2.75-6.49); facing a history of sexual assault/rape at a street life (OR = 3.59, 95%CI, 2.46-5.23); age between 25-35 years (OR = 3.27, 95%CI, 1.73-6.18), getting advise from the health professionals (OR = 6.23, 95%CI, 1.44-27.07), having a history of pregnancy in street life (OR = 1.90, 95%CI, 1.28-2.81) and no more children wanted (OR = 2.47, 95%CI, 1.52-5.00) were significantly associated with modern contraceptive utilization.
The pooled modern contraceptive utilization was suboptimal. Every concerned body or stakeholder should give more consideration to their lifestyles and living conditions by raising awareness and providing access to contraception.
街头女性是指那些通过乞讨、露宿街头或路边来维持生计的女性。她们是社会中最边缘化和被忽视的群体，很少能获得医疗保健服务，包括现代避孕措施，并且对卫生服务缺乏了解，在埃塞俄比亚尤其如此。因此，本研究旨在调查街头女性对现代避孕方法的使用情况及相关因素。
对2010年1月至2023年2月1日发表的基于社区的观察性研究进行系统综述和荟萃分析。使用PubMed、谷歌学术、HINAR、Scopus、科学网和灰色文献来检索原始研究。我们使用微软Excel进行数据录入和数据提取。同时使用STATA - 17统计软件分析数据，并用I²检验评估研究异质性。使用随机效应模型预测现代避孕方法的合并使用率。
共纳入八项研究。现代避孕方法的合并使用率为51.89%（95%置信区间：40.89 - 62.9）。已婚（比值比 = 4.22，95%置信区间，2.75 - 6.49）；在街头生活中有性侵犯/强奸史（比值比 = 3.59，95%置信区间，2.46 - 5.23）；年龄在25 - 35岁之间（比值比 = 3.27，95%置信区间，1.73 - 6.18），从卫生专业人员那里获得建议（比值比 = 6.23，95%置信区间，1.44 - 27.07），在街头生活中有怀孕史（比值比 = 1.90，95%置信区间，1.28 - 2.81）以及不再想要孩子（比值比 = 2.47，95%置信区间，1.52 - 5.00）与现代避孕方法的使用显著相关。
现代避孕方法的合并使用率不理想。每个相关机构或利益相关者都应通过提高认识和提供避孕途径，更多地关注她们的生活方式和生活条件。
