Hojat M, Herman M W
J Clin Psychol. 1985 Jan;41(1):130-6. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198501)41:1<130::aid-jclp2270410123>3.0.co;2-k.
A questionnaire was mailed to 2,521 Iranian and 2,938 Filipino physicians who were practicing medicine in the U.S. Six hundred ninety-five Iranians and 898 Filipinos responded. Data of a section of the questionnaire on perceived adjustment and psychosocial problems were analyzed in this study. Statistical analyses of the data (bivariate correlations, multiple regression, and factor analysis) indicated that the reported adjustment problem was related closely to psychopathological measures such as loneliness, anxiety, depression, homesickness, and low self-esteem in both nationality groups. Participation in social activities with Americans was inversely related to perceived adjustment problems. In both groups, those who had become naturalized U.S. citizens and those who planned to stay permanently in the U.S. were less likely to report adjustment problems. The relationships between perceived adjustment problems and age and total years in the U.S. were not significant for Iranian physicians; however, they were correlated significantly for the Filipinos, which indicates that older physicians in this group and those who had been in the U.S. for a longer period of time were less likely to report adjustment problems. Other differences and similarities between the two nationality groups also were identified.
一份调查问卷被邮寄给了在美国行医的2521名伊朗医生和2938名菲律宾医生。695名伊朗人和898名菲律宾人进行了回复。本研究分析了调查问卷中关于感知到的适应情况和心理社会问题的部分数据。对数据进行的统计分析（双变量相关性、多元回归和因子分析）表明，在两个国籍组中，所报告的适应问题都与诸如孤独、焦虑、抑郁、思乡和自卑等精神病理学指标密切相关。与美国人参与社交活动与感知到的适应问题呈负相关。在两个组中，已成为美国公民的人和计划永久留在美国的人报告适应问题的可能性较小。对于伊朗医生来说，感知到的适应问题与年龄和在美国的总年数之间的关系并不显著；然而，对于菲律宾人来说，它们之间存在显著相关性，这表明该组中年龄较大的医生以及在美国停留时间较长的医生报告适应问题的可能性较小。还确定了两个国籍组之间的其他差异和相似之处。
