Hale Eva S, Gibstein Alexander R, Smartz Taylor, Boghosian Tanya, Jabori Sinan K, Danker Sara
Eva S. Hale, MS, is an MD/MBA candidate at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
Alexander R. Gibstein, BA, is an MD/MBA candidate at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
Plast Aesthet Nurs (Phila). 2025;45(1):27-33. doi: 10.1097/PSN.0000000000000595. Epub 2024 Dec 27.
Transgender individuals commonly feel significant distress and discomfort, termed gender dysphoria, as a result of the discrepancy between their gender assigned at birth and their gender identity. A major source of gender dysphoria stems from distinct anatomical differences between the male and female chest. Gender-affirming mastectomy of transmasculine patients and breast augmentation for chest feminization of transfeminine patients, also referred to as top surgery, are often the first surgical interventions and most commonly pursued physical modifications for the treatment of gender dysphoria among this patient population. Surgical modification of the chest improves psychological functioning, relieves distress from gender dysphoria symptoms, and has low rates of postoperative regret. This article aims to explicate the various top surgery options available to clinicians to aid their transgender patients' goal of achieving an outward appearance more closely aligning with their gender identity.
由于出生时被指定的性别与其性别认同之间存在差异，跨性别者通常会感到极大的痛苦和不适，即性别焦虑症。性别焦虑症的一个主要来源是男性和女性胸部明显的解剖学差异。对跨男性患者进行性别肯定性乳房切除术以及对跨女性患者进行胸部女性化隆胸手术，也称为顶级手术，通常是该患者群体中治疗性别焦虑症的首批手术干预措施，也是最常进行的身体改造方式。胸部手术改造可改善心理功能，缓解性别焦虑症症状带来的痛苦，且术后后悔率较低。本文旨在阐述临床医生可采用的各种顶级手术方案，以帮助他们的跨性别患者实现外观更符合其性别认同的目标。
