Duan Yanping, Liang Wei, Wang Yanping, Hu Chun, Lippke Sonia
Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
School of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):30851. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81585-7.
Physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) are crucial factors jointly affecting young adults' physical and mental health. However, the psychosocial interactive mechanisms of these behaviors remain understudied. Using a two-wave prospective design over two months, this study investigated the psychological mechanisms underlying multiple health behavior change (MHBC) through a novel two-layer social-cognitive framework, the Compensatory Carry-Over Action Model (CCAM), among 322 Chinese college students (19.47 ± 0.99 years; 55.6% female). Structural equation modeling with path analysis was conducted using Mplus 8.8 for data analysis. Results indicated an acceptable model fit for the hypothesized model, with χ = 120.845, df = 41, χ/df = 2.947, CFI = 0.940, TLI = 0.901, RMSEA = 0.078 [90% CI = 0.062 to 0.094], and SRMR = 0.079. The model explained 54.9% and 50.0% of the variance in PA and FVC, respectively. In the first layer, focusing on the individual behavior change process, both volitional self-efficacy and planning were identified as significant mediators in the intention-behavior relationship for PA and FVC (indirect effects = 0.03 to 0.14, all p < .01). In the second layer, targeting the interaction between the two behaviors, the mediating role of compensatory cognition (e.g., PA/FVC can compensate for FVC/PA) in the relationship between intention and behavior was not supported (all p > .05). However, volitional self-efficacy and planning played a significant mediating role in the interaction between PA/FVC intention and FVC/PA behavior (indirect effects = 0.01 to 0.04, all p < .05). Future interventions aiming at promoting MHBC should address compensatory cognition and the carry-over effects between diverse behaviors.
身体活动（PA）和水果与蔬菜摄入量（FVC）是共同影响年轻人身心健康的关键因素。然而，这些行为的社会心理交互机制仍未得到充分研究。本研究采用为期两个月的两波前瞻性设计，通过一个新颖的两层社会认知框架——补偿性转移行动模型（CCAM），对322名中国大学生（19.47±0.99岁；55.6%为女性）的多种健康行为改变（MHBC）背后的心理机制进行了调查。使用Mplus 8.8进行带有路径分析的结构方程建模以进行数据分析。结果表明，假设模型的拟合度可以接受，χ=120.845，df=41，χ/df=2.947，CFI=0.940，TLI=0.901，RMSEA=0.078 [90%置信区间=0.062至0.094]，SRMR=0.079。该模型分别解释了PA和FVC中54.9%和50.0%的方差。在第一层，关注个体行为改变过程中，意志自我效能感和计划都被确定为PA和FVC的意图-行为关系中的显著中介因素（间接效应=0.03至0.14，所有p<0.01）。在第二层，针对两种行为之间的相互作用，补偿性认知（例如，PA/FVC可以补偿FVC/PA）在意图与行为之间关系中的中介作用未得到支持（所有p>0.05）。然而意志自我效能感和计划在PA/FVC意图与FVC/PA行为之间的相互作用中发挥了显著的中介作用（间接效应=0.01至0.04，所有p<0.05）。未来旨在促进MHBC的干预措施应关注补偿性认知以及不同行为之间的转移效应。
