Lieberman P, Katz W, Jongman A, Zimmerman R, Miller M
J Acoust Soc Am. 1985 Feb;77(2):649-57. doi: 10.1121/1.391883.
The visual abstraction procedure used in previous studies of declination was tested using 12 subjects who each fit the F0 contours of 19 spoken short simple sentences with baselines. These baselines were found to be poorly replicated the fitters. An objective all-points least-squares best-fit procedure was tested on this corpus and on a set of sentences that had been produced in both spontaneous and read speech by six speakers. The all-points linear regression line was a better descriptor of the F0 contours than either baselines or toplines. Declination did not always occur in these simple declarative sentences; there was more variation present in the F0 contours of sentences that had been uttered during spontaneous speech; 35% of the spontaneous sentences did not show declination; 45% of these sentences better fit the breath-group model. Their F0 contours could be described by a level all-points linear regression line followed by a falling terminal segment.
在先前关于音高下降的研究中使用的视觉抽象程序，通过12名受试者进行了测试，这些受试者每人都将19个口语简短简单句子的F0轮廓与基线相匹配。结果发现这些基线很难被拟合者复制。在此语料库以及由六名说话者在自发和朗读语音中产生的一组句子上测试了一种客观的全点最小二乘最佳拟合程序。全点线性回归线比基线或顶线更能描述F0轮廓。在这些简单的陈述句中，音高下降并不总是出现；在自发语音中说出的句子的F0轮廓中存在更多变化；35%的自发句子没有显示音高下降；其中45%的句子更符合呼吸组模型。它们的F0轮廓可以用一条水平的全点线性回归线后跟一个下降的终端段来描述。
