Pelclová Jana, Vindiš Jan, Jašková Paulína, Hron Karel
Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Dec 28;24(1):1047. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05619-5.
Obesity in older adults is linked to various chronic conditions and decreased quality of life. Traditional physical activity guidelines often overlook the specific postures and movements that older adults engage in daily. This study aims to explore the compositional associations between posture-specific behaviours and obesity risk in younger (M = 67.35 ± 2.03 years) and older (M = 75.73 ± 4.17 years) groups of older adults and investigate the differences in body mass index (BMI) associated with replacing time spent in lying, sitting and standing with moving or walking.
This cross-sectional study involved 309 older adults aged 65 and above from Czech Republic. Participants' movement behaviours, including lying, sitting, standing, moving, and walking, were measured using accelerometers. The data were analysed using compositional data analysis (CoDA) and isotemporal substitution models to assess the impact of reallocating time between different activities on self-reported (BMI).
The younger group engaged in more overall movement (193.84 min/day vs. 172.41 min/day) and walking (92.15 min/day vs. 76.62 min/day) than the older group. Significant estimated increases in BMI were associated with reallocating 30 min from movement to lying, sitting, or standing (up to + 3.31 kg/m²), while reallocating the same amount of time from lying, sitting, or standing to movement was associated with estimated reductions in BMI (up to - 2.54 kg/m²). In the older group, reallocating time from slow walking to lying or sitting was associated with estimated increases in BMI (up to + 1.86 kg/m²), while increasing time spent slow walking at the expense of lying or sitting theoretically reduced BMI (up to - 0.95 kg/m²).
The findings suggest that promoting movement and walking, including both slow and fast walking, may play a role in managing obesity risk in older adults. This study highlights the potential benefits of reducing sedentary time and encouraging low-intensity physical activity tailored to the capabilities of seniors, especially those aged 70+, as a possible strategy to mitigate obesity risk. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore causal relationships.
老年人肥胖与多种慢性疾病及生活质量下降相关。传统的体育活动指南往往忽略了老年人日常所采取的特定姿势和动作。本研究旨在探讨特定姿势行为与年轻（平均年龄M = 67.35 ± 2.03岁）和年长（平均年龄M = 75.73 ± 4.17岁）老年人群体肥胖风险之间的构成关联，并研究用移动或行走替代躺卧、坐立时间所导致的体重指数（BMI）差异。
这项横断面研究纳入了309名来自捷克共和国的65岁及以上老年人。使用加速度计测量参与者的运动行为，包括躺卧、坐立、站立、移动和行走。采用构成数据分析（CoDA）和等时替代模型分析数据，以评估不同活动之间重新分配时间对自我报告的BMI的影响。
较之年长组，年轻组的总体运动量（193.84分钟/天对172.41分钟/天）和行走时间（92.15分钟/天对76.62分钟/天）更多。将30分钟从运动重新分配至躺卧、坐立或站立，BMI估计显著增加（最高可达 + 3.31kg/m²），而将相同时间从躺卧、坐立或站立重新分配至运动，则与BMI估计降低相关（最高可达 - 2.54kg/m²）。在年长组中，将时间从慢走重新分配至躺卧或坐立与BMI估计增加相关（最高可达 + 1.86kg/m²），而以躺卧或坐立时间为代价增加慢走时间理论上可降低BMI（最高可达 - 0.95kg/m²）。
研究结果表明，促进运动和行走，包括慢走和快走，可能在管理老年人肥胖风险中发挥作用。本研究强调了减少久坐时间和鼓励针对老年人，尤其是70岁及以上老年人能力的低强度体育活动作为减轻肥胖风险的可能策略的潜在益处。然而，需要进一步的纵向研究来证实这些关联并探索因果关系。
