Jalilian Habib, Mohammadi Parvin, Moradi Ahmad, Nikbina Maryam, Sayfouri Amrollah, Birgani Anita Namdari, Dehcheshmeh Nayeb Fadaei
Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):31253. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82611-4.
Healthcare workers are exposed to a high risk of COVID-19 infection due to close contact with infected patients in healthcare centers. This study aimed to investigate the level of exposure and risk of COVID-19 virus infection among healthcare workers working in primary healthcare centers in Khuzestan province, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 599 healthcare workers working in primary healthcare centers in the northern region of Khuzestan province, Iran, in 2022. Participants were recruited using a multistage and proportional stratified random sampling method. The WHO COVID-19 risk assessment tool was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using STATA . The prevalence of occupational and community exposure was 95.7% (93.7 to 97.1) and 89.6% (87.0 to 92.1), respectively. Healthcare workers with occupational exposure had a high risk of exposure (92.7%; 95% CI 90.1 to 94.6). There was no significant association between the type of profession, the role of primary health care workers, and the level of occupational exposure risk (P value > 0.05). The strength of the association was very weak (PR = 1.00; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.07). Also, a significant association was observed between the history of contact with biological materials and adherence to infection prevention and control measures with the level of occupational exposure to the virus (P value < 0.001). The strength of the association between contact with biological materials and exposure risk was weak (aPR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.29), but the strength of the association between adherence to infection prevention and control protocols and exposure risk was strong (aPR = 3.85; 95% CI 2.60 to 5.71). Furthermore, infection prevention and control was identified as a strong confounder in this study. The results showed that the prevalence of occupational exposure was high among healthcare workers, regardless of their profession and roles, with the majority of exposures being of high risk. Primary healthcare managers can play a major role in reducing exposure among high-risk healthcare workers by providing continuous personnel training, investing in the supply chain, prioritizing regular testing and vaccination of HCWs, and ensuring dedicated supervision while accurately monitoring compliance with health protocols during pandemics.
由于在医疗中心与感染患者密切接触，医护人员面临感染新冠病毒的高风险。本研究旨在调查伊朗胡齐斯坦省基层医疗中心医护人员的新冠病毒暴露水平和感染风险。这项横断面研究于2022年在伊朗胡齐斯坦省北部地区的基层医疗中心工作的599名医护人员中进行。采用多阶段和按比例分层随机抽样方法招募参与者。使用世界卫生组织新冠病毒风险评估工具收集数据。数据用STATA软件进行分析。职业暴露和社区暴露的患病率分别为95.7%（93.7%至97.1%）和89.6%（87.0%至92.1%）。有职业暴露的医护人员暴露风险较高（92.7%；95%置信区间90.1%至94.6%）。职业类型、基层医疗工作者的角色与职业暴露风险水平之间无显著关联（P值>0.05）。关联强度非常弱（PR = 1.00；95%置信区间0.94至1.07）。此外，观察到接触生物材料的历史以及对感染预防和控制措施的遵守情况与病毒职业暴露水平之间存在显著关联（P值<0.001）。接触生物材料与暴露风险之间的关联强度较弱（调整后PR = 1.20；95%置信区间1.12至1.29），但遵守感染预防和控制方案与暴露风险之间的关联强度较强（调整后PR = 3.85；95%置信区间2.60至5.71）。此外，感染预防和控制在本研究中被确定为一个强混杂因素。结果表明，无论职业和角色如何，医护人员中的职业暴露患病率都很高，且大多数暴露为高风险。基层医疗管理者可以通过提供持续的人员培训、投资供应链、优先对医护人员进行定期检测和接种疫苗，以及在大流行期间准确监测健康协议的遵守情况时确保专门监督，在降低高风险医护人员的暴露方面发挥主要作用。
Zotero 插件