Vick G W, Huhta J C, Gutgesell H P
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985 Apr;5(4):973-7. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80442-3.
Evaluation for patent ductus arteriosus by both Doppler examination and direct two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization has been reported in infants and children. However, visualization of a patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants with lung disease has been difficult. Using a recently developed 7.5 MHz mechanical scanner with interfaced two-dimensional directed pulsed Doppler ultrasonography, 36 examinations were performed from a suprasternal approach in 27 patients (age range 1 day to 3 months, mean 18 days; weight range 490 to 2,500 g, mean 1,260). Complete imaging for evaluation of patency of the ductus arteriosus was successful in 33 (92%) of 36 examinations, and imaging of the pulmonary end of the ductus arteriosus was successful in all. In 18 examinations, the ductus arteriosus was closed by both two-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler examination. In four cases the ductus arteriosus was widely patent by both two-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler examination. Eleven echocardiographic examinations revealed a narrowed ductus arteriosus, and of these, 10 (91%) showed Doppler findings of patent ductus arteriosus. It is concluded that combined two-dimensional/Doppler echocardiographic assessment allows confident detection of both a large unrestrictive and a small, stenotic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants with lung disease.
已有报道称，在婴儿和儿童中通过多普勒检查及直接二维超声心动图可视化来评估动脉导管未闭。然而，对于患有肺部疾病的早产儿，可视化动脉导管未闭一直很困难。使用最近开发的配备二维定向脉冲多普勒超声的7.5兆赫机械扫描仪，从胸骨上途径对27例患者（年龄范围1天至3个月，平均18天；体重范围490至2500克，平均1260克）进行了36次检查。在36次检查中的33次（92%）成功完成了用于评估动脉导管未闭通畅性的完整成像，并且在所有检查中都成功对动脉导管的肺端进行了成像。在18次检查中，二维超声心动图和多普勒检查均显示动脉导管已闭合。在4例中，二维超声心动图和多普勒检查均显示动脉导管广泛开放。11次超声心动图检查显示动脉导管变窄，其中10次（91%）显示有动脉导管未闭的多普勒表现。结论是，二维/多普勒超声心动图联合评估能够可靠地检测患有肺部疾病的早产儿中大型非限制性和小型狭窄性动脉导管未闭。
