Yan Xingquan, Wang Zhijun, Zhao Muqier, Hao Junfeng, Liu Jingyi, Yan Yuting, Sun Pengbo, Jia Yushan, Ge Gentu
College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010019, China.
Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, 010019, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):31420. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83098-9.
Hydrothermal biochar has demonstrated potential in enhancing crop growth by improving soil properties and microbial activity; however, its effectiveness varies with application rate, with excessive amounts potentially inhibiting plant growth. This study employed a pot experiment approach to compare varying application rates of hydrothermal biochar (ranging from 0 to 50 t/ha) and to analyze its effects on alfalfa biomass, photosynthetic efficiency, soil nutrient content, and microbial community composition. Biochar application increased alfalfa dry weight by 12.22-21.20% in leaves, 31.60-55.60% in stalks, and 5.62-38.05% in roots. It also enhanced the light utilization efficiency of photosystem II. However, excessive biochar (50 t/ha) reduced biomass and photosynthesis. The addition of biochar amendments enhances soil nutrient availability, particularly increasing the accessibility of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, while also lowering soil pH and enriching microbial interactions within bacterial communities. However, the effects on fungal communities are not pronounced. In conclusion, a moderate application of biochar (10-20t/ha) is recommended to maximize the growth of alfalfa and improve soil health, offering a practical approach for the sustainable cultivation of alfalfa.
水热生物炭已显示出通过改善土壤性质和微生物活性来促进作物生长的潜力；然而，其效果会因施用量而异，过量使用可能会抑制植物生长。本研究采用盆栽试验方法，比较了不同施用量（0至50吨/公顷）的水热生物炭，并分析了其对苜蓿生物量、光合效率、土壤养分含量和微生物群落组成的影响。施用生物炭使苜蓿叶片干重增加了12.22%至21.20%，茎干增加了31.60%至55.60%，根系增加了5.62%至38.05%。它还提高了光系统II的光利用效率。然而，过量的生物炭（50吨/公顷）会降低生物量和光合作用。添加生物炭改良剂可提高土壤养分有效性，特别是增加碳、氮和磷的可利用性，同时还能降低土壤pH值并丰富细菌群落内的微生物相互作用。然而，对真菌群落的影响并不明显。总之，建议适度施用生物炭（10至20吨/公顷），以最大限度地促进苜蓿生长并改善土壤健康状况，为苜蓿的可持续种植提供一种切实可行的方法。
