Heisi Hlalele D, Nkuna Rosina, Matambo Tonderayi
Centre for Competence in Environmental Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Environment and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, South Africa.
Centre for Competence in Environmental Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Environment and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, South Africa.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Jan 10;959:178147. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178147. Epub 2024 Dec 29.
This study investigated the microbial diversity inhabiting the roots (rhizosphere) of macrophytes thriving along the Blesbokspruit wetland, South Africa's least conserved Ramsar site. The wetland suffers from decades of pollution from mining wastewater, agriculture, and sewage. The current study focused on three macrophytes: Phragmites australis (common reed), Typha capensis (bulrush), and Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth). The results revealed a greater abundance and diversity of microbes (Bacteria and Fungi) associated with the free-floating E. crassipes compared to P. australis and T. capensis. Furthermore, the correlation between microbial abundance and metals, showed a strong correlation between fungal communities and metals such as nickel (Ni) and arsenic (As), while bacterial communities correlated more with lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr). The functional analysis predicted by PICRUSt2 identified genes related to xenobiotic degradation, suggesting the potential of these microbes to break down pollutants. Moreover, specific bacterial groups - Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes - were linked to this degradation pathway. These findings suggest a promising avenue for microbe-assisted phytoremediation, a technique that utilizes plants and their associated microbes to decontaminate polluted environments.
本研究调查了南非保护程度最低的拉姆萨尔湿地——布勒斯博克斯普雷特湿地中繁茂生长的大型植物根部（根际）的微生物多样性。该湿地遭受了数十年来自采矿废水、农业和污水的污染。当前研究聚焦于三种大型植物：芦苇（Phragmites australis）、南非香蒲（Typha capensis）和凤眼莲（Eichhornia crassipes）。结果显示，与芦苇和南非香蒲相比，与漂浮的凤眼莲相关的微生物（细菌和真菌）丰度和多样性更高。此外，微生物丰度与金属之间的相关性表明，真菌群落与镍（Ni）和砷（As）等金属之间存在强相关性，而细菌群落与铅（Pb）和铬（Cr）的相关性更强。PICRUSt2预测的功能分析确定了与异生素降解相关的基因，表明这些微生物具有分解污染物的潜力。此外，特定细菌类群——变形菌门、疣微菌门、蓝细菌门和拟杆菌门——与这种降解途径有关。这些发现为微生物辅助植物修复提供了一条有前景的途径，微生物辅助植物修复是一种利用植物及其相关微生物净化污染环境的技术。
