Ko Hye Yeon, Kim Min Hee
Department of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, and Dermatology, Kyung Hee University College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Audiol Neurootol. 2025;30(3):245-251. doi: 10.1159/000543211. Epub 2024 Dec 27.
To date, no study has reported the various otologic conditions associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using population-based design. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk of audio-vestibular disorders (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, and tinnitus) increasing after COVID-19 infection.
This retrospective population-based study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-COVID-19 cohort database of South Korea. We identified participants in the COVID-19 group using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests. A matched cohort without COVID-19 was randomly selected in a 1:1 ratio. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, and tinnitus were defined using diagnostic, medication, and procedure codes. The incidence and risk of these disorders were assessed in both groups using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses.
In total, 4,976,589 COVID-19 patients and an equivalent number of matched non-infected controls were analyzed. COVID-19 patients faced an increased risk of developing benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, vestibular neuritis, and tinnitus compared to controls in univariate and multivariate Cox hazard analyses. COVID patients were at an increased risk of Meniere's disease in the univariate analysis; however, the risk of Meniere's disease after COVID-19 did not reach statistical significance in the multivariate analysis.
COVID-19 infection may increase the risk of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, vestibular neuritis, and tinnitus.
迄今为止，尚无研究采用基于人群的设计报告与2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关的各种耳科疾病。本研究的目的是调查COVID-19感染后音频前庭障碍（良性阵发性位置性眩晕、突发性感音神经性听力损失、梅尼埃病、前庭神经炎和耳鸣）增加的发生率和风险。
本基于人群的回顾性研究使用了韩国国民健康保险服务（NHIS）-COVID-19队列数据库。我们通过实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测确定了COVID-19组的参与者。以1:1的比例随机选择了一个没有COVID-19的匹配队列。使用诊断、用药和手术代码定义良性阵发性位置性眩晕、突发性感音神经性听力损失、梅尼埃病、前庭神经炎和耳鸣。使用单变量和多变量Cox比例风险分析评估两组中这些疾病的发生率和风险。
总共分析了4976589名COVID-19患者和数量相当的匹配未感染对照。在单变量和多变量Cox风险分析中，与对照组相比，COVID-19患者发生良性阵发性位置性眩晕、突发性感音神经性听力损失、前庭神经炎和耳鸣的风险增加。在单变量分析中，COVID患者患梅尼埃病的风险增加；然而，COVID-19后梅尼埃病的风险在多变量分析中未达到统计学意义。
COVID-19感染可能会增加良性阵发性位置性眩晕、突发性感音神经性听力损失、前庭神经炎和耳鸣的风险。
