Advances in minimally invasive treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice.

Malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) encompasses a range of diseases stemming from malignant tumors such as cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and primary liver cancer, among others, which cause obstruction in both intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts. This obstruction may lead to elevated bilirubin levels, hepatic function impairment, and a low rate of successful surgical resection in clinical settings. There are various minimally invasive treatment options for MOJ, including endoscopic biliary drainage, ultrasound-guided procedures, and percutaneous biliary tract puncture drainage.