Mohamed Elawad Sahar Ali Osman, Yagoub Mohammed Azza Abdelbagi, Ali Karar Samia Ahmed, Hassan Farah Aala Abdelrahman, Mubarak Osman Ahmed Mohamed Elamin
Pediatrics, Armed Forces Hospital, Jazan, SAU.
Neonatal Intensive Care, Maternity and Children Hospital, Hail, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 27;16(12):e76472. doi: 10.7759/cureus.76472. eCollection 2024 Dec.
One significant global health issue that is present in more than 190 nations globally is routine vaccination reluctance. This study aimed to synthesize the current evidence on vaccination hesitancy and its impact on immunization coverage in pediatrics. We searched for relevant studies across four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed/EMBASE, and Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature). Prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to extract relevant studies while excluding irrelevant ones. We found 4,085 studies on four different databases in which 23 satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These 23 relevant studies involving 29,131 parents, guardians, and caregivers from over 30 countries met the inclusion criteria and quality assessment. Studies were assessed for risk bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Vaccination hesitancy is caused by several factors, such as cultural customs, economic reforms, perceived rumors, myths, misconceptions, physicians and other healthcare professionals, and perceived risks and problems of vaccines. These results highlight the importance of addressing demand-side factors related to socioeconomic determinants and supply-side issues such as improving health literacy, combating misinformation, ensuring clarity in communication, and promoting a consistent, evidence-based message. More observations and research should be conducted regularly to develop strategies for encouraging youngsters to receive immunizations in large quantities.
全球范围内有超过190个国家存在的一个重大全球健康问题是常规疫苗接种抵触。本研究旨在综合当前关于疫苗接种犹豫及其对儿科免疫接种覆盖率影响的证据。我们在四个数据库（Scopus、科学网、PubMed/EMBASE以及护理与联合健康文献累积索引）中搜索相关研究。使用预先设定的纳入和排除标准来提取相关研究，同时排除不相关的研究。我们在四个不同数据库中找到了4085项研究，其中23项符合纳入和排除标准。这23项相关研究涉及来自30多个国家的29131名父母、监护人及照料者，均符合纳入标准并通过了质量评估。使用纽卡斯尔 - 渥太华量表对研究进行风险偏倚评估。疫苗接种犹豫由多种因素引起，如文化习俗、经济改革、所感知的谣言、神话、误解、医生及其他医疗保健专业人员，以及所感知的疫苗风险和问题。这些结果凸显了解决与社会经济决定因素相关的需求侧因素以及供应侧问题（如提高健康素养、打击错误信息、确保沟通清晰以及推广一致的、基于证据的信息）的重要性。应定期进行更多观察和研究，以制定鼓励青少年大量接受免疫接种的策略。
