Du Haiqiao, Li Jianan, Chen Wei, Guo Weiwei, Yang Shiming
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science, Beijing, China.
J Otol. 2024 Jul;19(3):173-177. doi: 10.1016/j.joto.2024.05.002. Epub 2024 Oct 19.
Cochlear implantation (CI) is currently recognized as the most effective treatment for severe to profound sensorineural deafness and is considered one of the most successful neural prostheses. Since its inception in 1961, cochlear implantation has expanded its range of applications to encompass younger newborns, older people, and individuals with unilateral hearing loss. In addition, it has improved its surgical methods to minimize the occurrence of complications. Furthermore, notable advancements have been made in the design of electrodes, techniques for speech processing, and software for programming. Nevertheless, inflammation, fibrosis, and even ossification are observed in the cochlea of nearly all cochlear implant (CI) patients. These tissue responses might have a negative impact on the performance of the implants, residual hearing, and the results of post-operative CI rehabilitation. Animal models are significant translational tools that offer essential preclinical data for possible therapeutics. Thus, this study concentrates on the existing animal models used for cochlear implantation, highlights the advancements made in research, and offers insights into potential future research areas.
人工耳蜗植入（CI）目前被认为是治疗重度至极重度感音神经性聋最有效的方法，并且被视为最成功的神经假体之一。自1961年问世以来，人工耳蜗植入的应用范围不断扩大，涵盖了更小的新生儿、老年人以及单侧听力损失患者。此外，其手术方法也有所改进，以尽量减少并发症的发生。再者，在电极设计、语音处理技术和编程软件方面也取得了显著进展。然而，几乎所有人工耳蜗植入（CI）患者的耳蜗中都观察到炎症、纤维化甚至骨化现象。这些组织反应可能会对植入物的性能、残余听力以及人工耳蜗植入术后康复效果产生负面影响。动物模型是重要的转化工具，可为可能的治疗方法提供重要的临床前数据。因此，本研究聚焦于现有的用于人工耳蜗植入的动物模型，突出研究取得的进展，并对未来潜在的研究领域提供见解。
