Gong Chaoming, Li Yue, Chen Gaopeng
Xu Hai College, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.
School of Physical Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, People's Republic of China.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2024 Dec 25;17:3315-3325. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S499489. eCollection 2024.
Depression is a potential health killer. As an important means of preventing various human diseases, physical exercise plays an important role in reducing the risk of depression. Using data from the Chinese Household Tracking Survey, this study analyzed the mechanisms by which physical exercise, self-rated health and life satisfaction reduce the risk of depression.
The data for this study comes from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) released by the China Social Science Survey Centre of Peking University. The 2020 survey data was used as the sample, which contained a total of 21,057 individuals. The study variables were analyzed in sequence for reliability and validity, correlation analysis, regression analysis, structural equation model testing, and bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap testing using SPSS 23.0 software and Hayes' (2013) Process plug-in.
Physical exercise was significantly positively correlated with self-assessed health status and satisfaction of life ( = 0.049, < 0.01; = 0.075, < 0.01), and significantly negatively correlated with risk of depression ( = -0.022, < 0.01); self-assessed health status was significantly positively correlated with satisfaction of life ( = 0.440, < 0.01), and significantly negatively correlated with risk of depression ( = -0.047, < 0.01); satisfaction of life was significantly negatively correlated with risk of depression ( = -0.137, < 0.01).
Physical exercise not only negatively predicted the risk of depression, but also indirectly predicted the risk of depression through the independent mediating effects of self-assessed health status and satisfaction of life, as well as chain mediating effects. There were no differences in the effects of physical exercise on depression risk by age, gender and marital status. Significant differences in the effect of physical exercise on depression risk were found among groups with different places of residence.
抑郁症是一个潜在的健康杀手。体育锻炼作为预防人类各种疾病的重要手段，在降低抑郁症风险方面发挥着重要作用。本研究利用中国家庭追踪调查的数据，分析了体育锻炼、自评健康和生活满意度降低抑郁症风险的机制。
本研究的数据来自北京大学中国社会科学调查中心发布的中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）。以2020年调查数据为样本，共包含21057名个体。使用SPSS 23.0软件和海斯（2013年）的Process插件，依次对研究变量进行信效度分析、相关性分析、回归分析、结构方程模型检验和偏差校正百分位数Bootstrap检验。
体育锻炼与自评健康状况和生活满意度显著正相关（r = 0.049，p < 0.01；r = 0.075，p < 0.01），与抑郁症风险显著负相关（r = -0.022，p < 0.01）；自评健康状况与生活满意度显著正相关（r = 0.440，p < 0.01），与抑郁症风险显著负相关（r = -0.047，p < 0.01）；生活满意度与抑郁症风险显著负相关（r = -0.137，p < 0.01）。
体育锻炼不仅对抑郁症风险有负向预测作用，还通过自评健康状况和生活满意度的独立中介作用以及链式中介作用间接预测抑郁症风险。体育锻炼对抑郁症风险的影响在年龄、性别和婚姻状况方面没有差异。在不同居住地区的群体中，体育锻炼对抑郁症风险的影响存在显著差异。
