Okwee-Acai James, Agwai Benard, Mawadri Patrick, Kesiime Christine, Tubihemukama Methodius, Kungu Joseph, Odur Benard
Department of Veterinary Pharmacy, Clinical and Comparative Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Department of Biosecurity, Ecosystems and Veterinary Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
BMC Vet Res. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):590. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04432-x.
In developing countries such as Uganda, domestic dogs suffer high burdens of infectious diseases often with high mortalities. Surveillance data on the common diseases and associated mortalities is however scanty. We thus, present results of a retrospective study of common clinical conditions and mortalities of dogs brought for treatment at the small animal clinic, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
We analysed data from the case records register of the clinic from January 2021-December, 2022. Descriptive statistics were generated using the frequency functions of R (R-4.3.3 for Windows). Records were reviewed for all 650 cases presented at the clinic except those presented for routine care services like vaccination and grooming.
Up to 51% of the dogs were female, mostly (56%) under two years old. The Alsatian (30.7%) and mongrel (22.7%) were the commonest breeds. Cases were recorded as: elective surgeries (29.2%), parvovirus infection (13.9%), skin infections (09.7%), canine babesiosis (6.9%), fractures (6.0%) and neoplasms (6%); mainly transmissible venereal tumour (TVT). Some (3.4%) dogs developed post-operative complications, while 4.8% were euthanized and 12% died during treatment. Of the dogs that died, 50% were parvovirus infection cases while other conditions included babesiosis (13%), poisoning (7.8%), pyometra (7.8%) and liver dysfunction (5.1%).
We impute that parvovirus infection and other preventable diseases were the most frequent reasons for morbidity and mortality of especially puppies in Uganda. This points to the need for epidemiologic surveillance of dog diseases and community sensitisation for improved control of dog diseases.
在乌干达等发展中国家，家犬承受着传染病的沉重负担，且死亡率往往很高。然而，关于常见疾病及其相关死亡率的监测数据却很匮乏。因此，我们展示了一项对在乌干达坎帕拉马凯雷雷大学小动物诊所接受治疗的犬只的常见临床病症和死亡率的回顾性研究结果。
我们分析了该诊所2021年1月至2022年12月病例记录登记簿中的数据。使用R（适用于Windows的R-4.3.3）的频率函数进行描述性统计。除了因疫苗接种和美容等常规护理服务前来就诊的病例外，对诊所接诊的所有650例病例记录进行了审查。
高达51%的犬只为雌性，其中大多数（56%）年龄在两岁以下。阿尔萨斯犬（30.7%）和杂种犬（22.7%）是最常见的品种。记录的病例包括：择期手术（29.2%）、细小病毒感染（13.9%）、皮肤感染（9.7%）、犬巴贝斯虫病（6.9%）、骨折（6.0%）和肿瘤（6%）；主要是传染性性病肿瘤（TVT）。一些（3.4%）犬只出现术后并发症，4.8%的犬只被安乐死，12%的犬只在治疗期间死亡。在死亡的犬只中，50%是细小病毒感染病例，其他病症包括巴贝斯虫病（13%）、中毒（7.8%）、子宫蓄脓（7.8%）和肝功能障碍（5.1%）。
我们推断细小病毒感染和其他可预防的疾病是乌干达尤其是幼犬发病和死亡的最常见原因。这表明需要对犬类疾病进行流行病学监测，并提高社区意识以更好地控制犬类疾病。
