Wu Zhenzhen, Zhao Xiaoyu, Yong Jean Wan Hong, Sehar Shafaque, Adil Muhammad Faheem, Riaz Muhammad, Verma Krishan K, Li Meiyu, Huo Jialu, Yang Songlin, Song Baiquan
National Sugar Crops Improvement Center, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Dec 16;15:1441226. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1441226. eCollection 2024.
The northeastern part of China is a traditional sugar beet cultivation area where the soils are classified generally as the black and albic soil types with low boron (B) availability. Boron fertilizer can increase soil B content and significantly improve crop yield and quality. At present, the effects of slow-release B fertilizer on beet root yield and quality remain unclear. Two sugar beet varieties KWS1197 and KWS0143 were selected as the research materials; and biologically evaluated with three dosage rates of 0, 15, and 30 kg ha in two soil types. Results showed that slow-release B fertilizer (30 kg ha) improved sugar beet net photosynthetic rate (13.6%) and transpiration rate (9.8%), as well as enhanced dry matter accumulation and the transfer to underground parts (23.1%) for higher root yield (1.4 to 9.7% in black soil and 3.5-14.2% in albic soil). Specifically, boron fertilizer greatly increased root B accumulation, as evidenced by decreasing amino N and Na contents alongside increasing surose (Pol) content. Slow-release B fertilizer increased white sugar yield by 3.5 to 35.7% in black soil and 5.8 to 20.8% in albic soil. In conclusion, applying slow-release B fertilizer is an effective strategy to increase sugar beet yield and quality in northeast China, with a recommended application rate of 30 kg ha. These findings established a baseline for formulating effective and futristic fertilizer for sugar beet.
中国东北地区是传统的甜菜种植区，土壤类型一般为黑土和白浆土，土壤有效硼（B）含量较低。硼肥可以增加土壤硼含量，显著提高作物产量和品质。目前，缓释硼肥对甜菜块根产量和品质的影响尚不清楚。选用两个甜菜品种KWS1197和KWS0143作为研究材料，在两种土壤类型上设置0、15和30 kg·ha三种施用量进行生物学评价。结果表明，缓释硼肥（30 kg·ha）提高了甜菜的净光合速率（13.6%）和蒸腾速率（9.8%），增强了干物质积累并向地下部分转移（23.1%），从而提高了块根产量（黑土中提高1.4%至9.7%，白浆土中提高3.5%至14.2%）。具体而言，硼肥显著增加了块根硼积累，表现为氨基氮和钠含量降低，蔗糖（Pol）含量增加。缓释硼肥使黑土白糖产量提高3.5%至35.7%，白浆土中提高5.8%至20.8%。总之，施用缓释硼肥是提高中国东北地区甜菜产量和品质的有效策略，推荐施用量为30 kg·ha。这些研究结果为制定有效的甜菜未来肥料奠定了基础。
