Kotepui Manas, Mahittikorn Aongart, Masangkay Frederick Ramirez, Kotepui Kwuntida Uthaisar
Medical Technology Program, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand.
Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 30;14(1):31723. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82712-0.
Interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10) or C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) is produced and secreted from specific leukocytes such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes, which play key roles in the immune response to Plasmodium infections. This systematic review aimed to collate and critically appraise the current evidence on IP-10 levels in malaria patients. It provided insights into its role in malaria pathogenesis and potential as a biomarker for Plasmodium infections and disease severity. The protocol for this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (number CRD42024556087). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, ProQuest, and MEDLINE, to identify relevant studies examining the role of IP-10 in patients with Plasmodium infections. A narrative synthesis was applied to summarize key findings and to provide an overview of the relationship between IP-10/CXCL10 levels and Plasmodium infection and disease severity. A total of 1933 records were identified, and 26 studies were included in the synthesis. The studies collectively indicated that IP-10 levels are elevated in patients with Plasmodium infections compared to healthy or non-malarial controls. Most studies reported that increased IP-10 levels were associated with increased disease severity. However, a few studies found no significant difference or decreased levels in patients with severe Plasmodium infections compared to those with uncomplicated or mild malaria. Additionally, several studies indicated that IP-10 levels were elevated in cerebral malaria. The systematic review suggests that IP-10 is elevated in patients with Plasmodium infections. However, the variability in findings across different studies regarding the association between IP-10 and severe malaria, particularly cerebral malaria, highlights the need for further comprehensive studies. Addressing confounding factors will be crucial in future research to better understand the role of IP-10 in Plasmodium infections and the pathogenesis of severe disease.
γ干扰素诱导蛋白10千道尔顿（IP-10）或C-X-C基序趋化因子10（CXCL10）由特定白细胞如中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞产生并分泌，这些细胞在对疟原虫感染的免疫反应中起关键作用。本系统评价旨在整理和批判性评价目前关于疟疾患者IP-10水平的证据。它深入探讨了其在疟疾发病机制中的作用以及作为疟原虫感染和疾病严重程度生物标志物的潜力。本系统评价的方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）中注册（编号CRD42024556087）。通过对多个数据库进行全面的文献检索，包括Embase、PubMed、Scopus、Ovid、ProQuest和MEDLINE，以识别研究IP-10在疟原虫感染患者中作用的相关研究。采用叙述性综合分析来总结关键发现，并概述IP-10/CXCL10水平与疟原虫感染及疾病严重程度之间的关系。共识别出1933条记录，26项研究纳入综合分析。这些研究共同表明，与健康或非疟疾对照相比，疟原虫感染患者的IP-10水平升高。大多数研究报告称，IP-10水平升高与疾病严重程度增加相关。然而，一些研究发现，与非复杂性或轻度疟疾患者相比，重症疟原虫感染患者的IP-10水平无显著差异或降低。此外，多项研究表明，脑型疟疾患者的IP-10水平升高。该系统评价表明，疟原虫感染患者的IP-10水平升高。然而，不同研究关于IP-10与重症疟疾（尤其是脑型疟疾）之间关联的结果存在差异，这凸显了进一步开展全面研究的必要性。在未来的研究中，解决混杂因素对于更好地理解IP-10在疟原虫感染和重症疾病发病机制中的作用至关重要。
