Maekawa Emi, Dahanukar Anupama A
Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
Department of Tropical Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 30;14(1):31839. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83172-2.
Meal sorting in mosquitoes is a phenomenon whereby ingested blood and sugar meals are directed to different destinations in the alimentary canal. We undertake a systematic analysis and show that entry of blood in the midgut is influenced by blood components, temperature, and feeding mode, while sugar solutions are directed to the crop in a dose-dependent manner. Sweet and nutritive sugars, like sucrose and maltose, enter the crop more efficiently compared to non-sweet or non-nutritive sugars. Additionally, the robustness of meal sorting declines with mosquito age and is compromised in mutants of candidate thermoreceptors. Proper blood meal sorting is crucial for optimal egg production, as disruption of this process by adding sucrose results in reduced fecundity. Furthermore, certain amino acids essential for vitellogenesis are preferentially directed to the midgut. Our findings provide new insights into the meal sorting mechanism, with implications for mosquito reproduction and vectorial capacity.
蚊子的餐食分选是一种现象，即摄入的血液和糖餐会被导向消化道的不同部位。我们进行了系统分析，结果表明中肠对血液的摄取受血液成分、温度和进食方式的影响，而糖溶液则以剂量依赖的方式被导向嗉囊。与非甜味或非营养性糖相比，甜味和营养性糖，如蔗糖和麦芽糖，能更有效地进入嗉囊。此外，餐食分选的稳健性会随着蚊子年龄的增长而下降，并且在候选温度感受器的突变体中会受到损害。正确的血餐分选对于最佳产卵至关重要，因为添加蔗糖破坏这一过程会导致繁殖力下降。此外，卵黄生成所必需的某些氨基酸会优先导向中肠。我们的研究结果为餐食分选机制提供了新的见解，对蚊子的繁殖和传播能力具有重要意义。
