Mateu Mauricio G, Valbuena Alejandro
Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), and Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Subcell Biochem. 2024;105:823-878. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-65187-8_22.
Virus particles (VPs) are naturally evolved nanomachines. Their outstanding molecular structures, physical and chemical properties, and biological activities make them potentially useful for many biomedical or technological applications. Natural VPs such as virions or capsids must, however, be modified by genetic and/or chemical engineering in order to become adequate for many specific uses. We present first a general overview of the methods used for obtaining virions and viral capsids, and of genetic and chemical engineering approaches to suitably modify VPs. In the second part of the chapter, we present an updated overview on current or developing applications of engineered VPs as tools, materials, reagents, or nanodevices in biomedicine, biotechnology, or nanotechnology.
病毒颗粒（VPs）是自然进化的纳米机器。它们出色的分子结构、物理和化学性质以及生物活性使其在许多生物医学或技术应用中具有潜在用途。然而，诸如病毒粒子或衣壳等天然VPs必须通过基因工程和/或化学工程进行修饰，才能适用于许多特定用途。我们首先概述了用于获得病毒粒子和病毒衣壳的方法，以及对VPs进行适当修饰的基因工程和化学工程方法。在本章的第二部分，我们介绍了工程化VPs作为工具、材料、试剂或纳米器件在生物医学、生物技术或纳米技术中的当前或正在开发的应用的最新概述。
