Gershon Rotem, Vishnevskia-Dai Vicktoria
Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Ocular Oncology Service, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 31;19(12):e0313326. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313326. eCollection 2024.
Describing the features of Megalotrichosis (MT) induced by Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and differentiate it from Prostaglandins (PGs)-induced MT.
Medical data of patients with MT referred to our center between 2012-2021 were retrieved for: demographic parameters, medical, surgical and oncologic background, and ophthalmologic background along with diagnoses and treatment. Time from PGs/TKI introduction to MT presentation, MT clinical characteristics, associated complaints, and prescribed therapies in relevant cases were also documented. Ophthalmologic exam, ocular photography and data retrieved from medical records were used to assess MT features among the two groups. Morphological evaluation included number of upper (UL) and lower lid (LL) eyelash rows, poliosis, individual elongated eyelash and eyelash curvature. Masked evaluation of all the patients was performed.
We found 11 patients, of which 6 treated with PGs for glaucoma and 5 treated with TKIs for non-ocular cancer suspected of dissemination. TKIs-induced MT was characterized by more individual elongated eyelashes (p = .047), UL eyelash rows (p = .03) and eyelash curvature (p = .076); poliosis characterized PGs-induced MT (p = .076). MT-associated complaints were more frequent in TKIs-induced MT (p = .06). time from drug administration to MT onset was shorter with TKI compared to PGs (median 176 Vs. 440 days, p = .257).
The study suggests that TKI-induced MT presents faster than PGs-induced MT and might be more bothering to patients. Knowledge of the morphological and clinical features that characterize each form of MT might be beneficial for patients and guide clinicians for intervention when needed. Larger cohorts are needed to reproduce and clarify our findings.
描述酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）诱导的巨毛症（MT）的特征，并将其与前列腺素（PGs）诱导的MT相鉴别。
检索2012年至2021年间转诊至本中心的MT患者的医疗数据，包括人口统计学参数、医学、外科和肿瘤学背景以及眼科背景，以及诊断和治疗情况。还记录了从引入PGs/TKI到出现MT的时间、MT的临床特征、相关症状以及相关病例中规定的治疗方法。眼科检查、眼部摄影以及从病历中检索的数据用于评估两组患者的MT特征。形态学评估包括上睑（UL）和下睑（LL）睫毛排数、睫毛变白、单个睫毛变长和睫毛弯曲度。对所有患者进行了盲法评估。
我们发现了11例患者，其中6例因青光眼接受PGs治疗，5例因疑似转移的非眼部癌症接受TKI治疗。TKI诱导的MT的特征是单个睫毛变长更多（p = 0.047）、UL睫毛排数更多（p = 0.03）以及睫毛弯曲度更大（p = 0.076）；睫毛变白是PGs诱导的MT的特征（p = 0.076）。MT相关症状在TKI诱导的MT中更常见（p = 0.06）。与PGs相比，TKI从给药到MT发病的时间更短（中位数176天对440天，p = 0.257）。
该研究表明，TKI诱导的MT比PGs诱导的MT出现得更快，可能对患者更困扰。了解每种形式的MT的形态学和临床特征可能对患者有益，并在需要时指导临床医生进行干预。需要更大的队列来重现和阐明我们的发现。
