Tobiaszewska Małgorzata, Koweszko Tytus, Jurek Jonasz, Mikołap Karolina, Gierus Jacek, Mikulski Jantoni, Waszkiewicz Napoleon
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Environmental Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Interact J Med Res. 2024 Dec 31;13:e60223. doi: 10.2196/60223.
Research on personality types among doctors reveals its impact on medical specialty choices, suggesting that considering personality in career planning may enhance work satisfaction and reduce burnout risks.
This study, encompassing 2104 medical students, explores how personality types, traits, and gender relate to specialty preferences.
Participants of this study were medical students from various universities in Poland. The study surveyed 2104 participants. Each participant completed a general questionnaire and a NERIS Type Explorer personality test, based on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator inventory and the "Big Five" personality traits concept. The questionnaire was distributed on social media groups for medical students from all Polish universities. An exploratory statistical analysis was performed to find relationships. For each tested relationship a Fisher exact test was conducted and the significance level was P<.05. Each test resulted in a P value and odds ratio (OR) with a CI. To ensure we included undecided students and obtained meaningful data, we allowed participants to select up to three medical specialties from the 77 available in Poland at the time of the study.
The findings unveil significant relationships between gender, personality types, traits, and specialty preferences. Women tended to favor Neonatology (OR 9.15, 95% CI 3.02-45.46), while men leaned toward Orthopedics and traumatology of the locomotor system (OR 7.53, 95% CI 4.87-11.94). Extroverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Prospecting, and Turbulent students showed a heightened interest in Psychiatry (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.64-3.01), whereas Introverted, Observant, Feeling, Judging, and Turbulent types favored Family Medicine (OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.08-4.24) and Pediatrics (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.51-2.99).
In conclusion, this research establishes a link between personality and medical specialty selection. Taking into account the significant role of personality traits, it should be considered to integrate them into the process of selecting a medical career or designing a medical curriculum. This approach may allow for the customization of programs to match students' traits, thereby cultivating improved clinical communication skills, fostering interprofessional collaboration and ultimately enhancing treatment outcomes and professional fulfillment among physicians. The main limitation of this study is that it was conducted on medical students, who lack the full knowledge of the work as a specific specialist. A study surveying medical doctors with longer internships across different wards could be conducted to check for any variabilities. Moreover, there are other significant factors that influence one's medical specialty choice. Certainly, this area could be further explored.
对医生性格类型的研究揭示了其对医学专业选择的影响，这表明在职业规划中考虑性格因素可能会提高工作满意度并降低职业倦怠风险。
本研究涵盖2104名医学生，探讨性格类型、特质和性别与专业偏好之间的关系。
本研究的参与者是来自波兰各大学的医学生。该研究对2104名参与者进行了调查。每位参与者都完成了一份一般问卷和一项基于迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标量表及“大五”人格特质概念的NERIS类型探索者人格测试。问卷通过社交媒体群组分发给所有波兰大学的医学生。进行了探索性统计分析以找出关系。对于每个测试的关系，进行了费舍尔精确检验，显著性水平为P<0.05。每次测试都得出一个P值和带有置信区间的优势比（OR）。为确保纳入尚未确定专业的学生并获得有意义的数据，我们允许参与者从研究时波兰可用的77个医学专业中选择最多三个专业。
研究结果揭示了性别、性格类型、特质与专业偏好之间的显著关系。女性倾向于选择新生儿学（OR 9.15，95% CI 3.02 - 45.46），而男性则倾向于运动系统的骨科和创伤学（OR 7.53，95% CI 4.87 - 11.94）。外向、直觉、情感、探索和动荡型的学生对精神病学表现出更高的兴趣（OR 2.23，95% CI 1.64 - 3.01），而内向、观察、情感、判断和动荡型的学生则更喜欢家庭医学（OR 2.98，95% CI 2.08 - 第4.24）和儿科学（OR 2.13，95% CI 1.51 - 2.99）。
总之，本研究建立了性格与医学专业选择之间的联系。鉴于人格特质的重要作用，应考虑将其纳入医学职业选择过程或医学课程设计中。这种方法可以使课程定制与学生特质相匹配，从而培养更好的临床沟通技能，促进跨专业协作，并最终提高医生的治疗效果和职业成就感。本研究的主要局限性在于它是对医学生进行的，他们对作为特定专科医生的工作缺乏全面了解。可以进行一项针对在不同病房有较长实习经历的医生的研究，以检查是否存在任何差异。此外，还有其他重要因素会影响一个人的医学专业选择。当然，这个领域可以进一步探索。
