Goździejewska Anna Maria, Kruk Marek, Glińska-Lewczuk Katarzyna, Cymes Ireneusz
Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 54, 10-710, Olsztyn, Poland.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Jan;373:123930. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123930. Epub 2024 Dec 30.
Land use patterns play a critical role in shaping abiotic conditions, which in turn influence interspecies interactions within aquatic ecosystems. This study tested the hypothesis that catchment management practices significantly alter water parameters and consequently affect the dynamics, importance, and nature of relationships within the zooplankton community structure of a postglacial river (northern Poland). Zooplankton interspecies interactions were assessed using network graph modeling across four diverse catchment sections: natural (NAT), urban (URB), urban/agricultural (URB/AGR), and agricultural (AGR). The NAT network was the most cohesive, dominated by taxa feeding on various food sources (Asplanchna priodonta, Testudinella patina, Chydorus sphaericus, Thermocyclops crassus), with balanced positive and negative interactions, what sign of ecosystem balance and resistance. The intensification of urban and agricultural pressures led to a weakening of the strength and significance of negative interspecies relationships, causing decentralization of the URB and AGR networks. Small, common bacterio-detritophagous and actively feeding rotifers (Filinia terminalis, Anuraeopsis fissa, Polyarthra longiremis) played a key nodal role there, which indicates homogenization and reduced ecosystem resistance. The graph layout highlighting connected components allowed us to observe the environmental filtering process between the studied sections, identifying phenomena of adaptation, or elimination of zooplankton species. This study provides an innovative approach to understanding the functioning of biotic structures in rivers and underscores the importance of sustainable management strategies of river basins undergoing urbanization and agricultural expansion.
土地利用模式在塑造非生物条件方面起着关键作用，而非生物条件又反过来影响水生生态系统内的种间相互作用。本研究检验了以下假设：流域管理实践会显著改变水参数，进而影响冰川消退后河流（波兰北部）浮游动物群落结构中关系的动态、重要性和性质。通过网络图建模，对四个不同流域区域的浮游动物种间相互作用进行了评估：自然区域（NAT）、城市区域（URB）、城市/农业区域（URB/AGR）和农业区域（AGR）。NAT网络凝聚力最强，以取食各种食物来源的类群为主（长刺异尾轮虫、盘状龟甲轮虫、球形盘肠溞、粗厚温剑水蚤），正负相互作用平衡，这是生态系统平衡和抗性的标志。城市和农业压力的加剧导致种间负相关关系的强度和显著性减弱，使URB和AGR网络出现分散化。小型、常见的噬细菌碎屑食性和活跃摄食的轮虫（终末臂尾轮虫、裂痕龟纹轮虫、长肢多肢轮虫）在那里发挥了关键节点作用，这表明生态系统同质化且抗性降低。突出连通组件的图布局使我们能够观察研究区域之间的环境过滤过程，识别浮游动物物种的适应或淘汰现象。本研究为理解河流中生物结构的功能提供了一种创新方法，并强调了对正在经历城市化和农业扩张的流域实施可持续管理策略的重要性。
