Deng Qucheng, Liu Yaqing, Wei Yongping, Liang Wei, Zhu Kaixian, Li Yonghua, Zhang Lihai
School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Minzu University, Guangxi, 530006, Nanning, China.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 31;14(1):32154. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82522-4.
Healthy ageing plays an important role in ageing societies in many countries, and centenarians are a sign of longevity. Longevity and its determinants have become issues of global concern and also a focus of research. Although many disciplines have conducted out a series of studies on longevity phenomena, few studies have systematically considered the impact of geographical environmental factors. Guangxi is one of the provinces with the highest centenarian ratio in mainland China, while Hechi City has the highest ratio of centenarians in Guangxi Province, and contains the world-famous longevity belt. This study took Hechi City, "the world's longevity city", as a model research area. First, the basic characteristics of the geographical environmental factors in Hechi City were analysed, and then geographical information system techniques and eXtreme Gradient Boosting machine learning methods were applied to systematically analyse the coupling relationship between the spatial distribution of the longevity population and the geographical environmental factors. In addition, the geographical environmental factors closely related to longevity were filtered and investigated. It was found that the centenarian is distributed along a belt-like pattern. It is mostly located in rocky mountainous areas with low elevations, small to medium undulations, medium slopes and brown calcareous soils, but is rarely found near the non-ferrous mining industry. This work provides a scientific basis for identifying the mechanisms that contribute to regional longevity and theoretical references for improving the health level of the elderly population according to local conditions.
健康老龄化在许多国家的老龄化社会中发挥着重要作用，而百岁老人是长寿的标志。长寿及其决定因素已成为全球关注的问题，也是研究的焦点。尽管许多学科都对长寿现象进行了一系列研究，但很少有研究系统地考虑地理环境因素的影响。广西是中国大陆百岁老人比例最高的省份之一，而河池市是广西百岁老人比例最高的城市，拥有世界闻名的长寿带。本研究以“世界长寿市”河池市为典型研究区域。首先，分析了河池市地理环境因素的基本特征，然后运用地理信息系统技术和极端梯度提升机器学习方法，系统分析了长寿人口空间分布与地理环境因素之间的耦合关系。此外，筛选并研究了与长寿密切相关的地理环境因素。研究发现，百岁老人呈带状分布。大多位于海拔较低、起伏中小、坡度中等且为棕色石灰土的石山区，而在有色金属矿区附近则很少见。这项工作为确定促进区域长寿的机制提供了科学依据，并为因地制宜提高老年人口健康水平提供了理论参考。
