Al-Rawi Mahmood Basil A, Khan Amer Hayat Ibrahim, Sheikh Ghadzi Siti Maisharah
Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2024 Dec 27;17:3327-3339. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S456155. eCollection 2024.
Chronic disease is a lifelong disorder that necessitates continuing medical care and is more prone to infections such as COVID-19, compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the severity of COVID-19 among chronic disease patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected hospitals in the Riyadh region in Saudi Arabia, over 6 months in 2022. All participants' records were reviewed for socio-demographic data including age, gender, residence, marital status, level of education, occupation, and special habits such as smoking or addiction. In addition to this main complaint and present history, history of chronic illnesses, drug intake, surgical interference, general examination findings including vital signs, state of consciousness, general condition at admission and discharge, and outcome of cases were recorded.
The mean age of the patient was 54.46 ± 15.85 (median of 53.67 years). In this study, the severity of COVID-19 was significantly associated with chronic diseases. For instance, 22.31% of the patients with diabetes reported mild symptoms, compared with 77.69% of the patients without diabetes. The current findings reported 2.18% of COVID-19 patients with respiratory diseases and 97.82% of the patients without respiratory diseases reported mild symptoms of COVID-19 infection. In comparison, 97.75% of COVID-19 patients without respiratory diseases and 2.25% of patients with respiratory diseases reported moderately severe COVID-19 infection.
The current findings revealed that 66.2% of the COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases were free of symptoms, 5.3% of them died and 0.9% of the patients were in a worse situation. The severity of COVID-19 was significantly associated with the presence of chronic diseases. Additionally, medical practitioners must be more knowledgeable about the long-term illnesses that put patients at risk for serious COVID-19 challenges and mortality.
慢性病是一种需要持续医疗护理的终身性疾病，与健康个体相比，慢性病患者更容易感染新冠病毒等疾病。因此，本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯王国慢性病患者感染新冠病毒的严重程度。
2022年在沙特阿拉伯利雅得地区的选定医院进行了一项为期6个月的横断面研究。查阅了所有参与者的社会人口统计学数据记录，包括年龄、性别、居住地、婚姻状况、教育程度、职业以及吸烟或成瘾等特殊习惯。除了主要症状和现病史外，还记录了慢性病病史、药物摄入情况、手术干预情况、包括生命体征在内的一般检查结果、意识状态、入院和出院时的一般状况以及病例结局。
患者的平均年龄为54.46±15.85岁（中位数为53.67岁）。在本研究中，新冠病毒感染的严重程度与慢性病显著相关。例如，22.31%的糖尿病患者报告症状较轻，而无糖尿病患者的这一比例为77.69%。目前的研究结果显示，2.18%的新冠病毒感染患者患有呼吸系统疾病，97.82%无呼吸系统疾病的患者报告了新冠病毒感染的轻微症状。相比之下，97.75%无呼吸系统疾病的新冠病毒感染患者和2.25%患有呼吸系统疾病的患者报告了中度严重的新冠病毒感染。
目前的研究结果显示，66.2%的慢性病新冠病毒感染患者无症状，5.3%的患者死亡，0.9%的患者情况更糟。新冠病毒感染的严重程度与慢性病的存在显著相关。此外，医生必须更加了解那些使患者面临严重新冠病毒感染挑战和死亡风险的长期疾病。
