Chen Yuge, Zhang Xuejia, Huang Shengbin, Febbraio Maria
Mike Petryk School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 17;15:1468957. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1468957. eCollection 2024.
Once thought to be in a terminally differentiated state, macrophages are now understood to be highly pliable, attuned and receptive to environmental cues that control and align responses. In development of purpose, the centrality of metabolic pathways has emerged. Thus, macrophage inflammatory or reparative phenotypes are tightly linked to catabolic and anabolic metabolism, with further fine tuning of specific gene expression patterns in specific settings. Single-cell transcriptome analyses have revealed a breadth of macrophage signatures, with some new influencers driving phenotype. CD36/Scavenger Receptor B2 has established roles in immunity and lipid metabolism. Macrophage CD36 is a key functional player in metabolic expression profiles that determine phenotype. Emerging data show that alterations in the microenvironment can recast metabolic pathways and modulate macrophage function, with the potential to be leveraged for therapeutic means. This review covers recent data on phenotypic characterization of homeostatic, atherosclerotic, lipid-, tumor- and metastatic-associated macrophages, with the integral role of CD36 highlighted.
巨噬细胞曾被认为处于终末分化状态，如今人们认识到它们具有高度的可塑性，能够对控制和协调反应的环境信号做出响应并进行调节。在功能发展过程中，代谢途径的核心地位逐渐显现。因此，巨噬细胞的炎症或修复表型与分解代谢和合成代谢紧密相连，并在特定环境中对特定基因表达模式进行进一步微调。单细胞转录组分析揭示了巨噬细胞特征的多样性，一些新的影响因素驱动着细胞表型。CD36/清道夫受体B2在免疫和脂质代谢中已确立了作用。巨噬细胞CD36是决定细胞表型的代谢表达谱中的关键功能参与者。新出现的数据表明，微环境的改变可以重塑代谢途径并调节巨噬细胞功能，具有用于治疗目的的潜力。本综述涵盖了关于稳态、动脉粥样硬化、脂质、肿瘤和转移相关巨噬细胞表型特征的最新数据，并突出了CD36的重要作用。
