Chen Li-Yang, Lue Yi-Jing, Wu Po-Hsun, Kuo Yi-Liang
Department of Rehabilitation, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chaiyi, 62247, Taiwan.
Department of Physical Therapy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
BMC Med Educ. 2025 Jan 2;25(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-06615-4.
The modified Fresno test was developed to assess knowledge and skills related to evidence-based practice among physical therapists and students, however no Chinese version is available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the English version of the modified Fresno test into Chinese and to evaluate its validity and reliability.
This was a cross-sectional validation study. During Phase 1 cross-cultural adaptation, forward translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert review, and prefinal test were carried out. Content validity was analyzed. During Phase 2 validation, two groups representing different levels of evidence-based practice competence completed the tests twice, two weeks apart. Known-group validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were analyzed.
Phase 1: According to the expert review, the Chinese version of the modified Fresno test demonstrated good content validity (item-level content validity index = 0.93 to 1.0; scale-level content validity index = 0.99). Phase 2: The expert group scored (115.3 ± 36.2) significantly higher than the novice group did (79.7 ± 25.8) for the entire test (p = 0.01), suggesting good known-group validity. However, the superior performance of the expert group over the novice group was not consistently found across all the questions on the test. In addition, the internal consistency was good (Cronbach's α = 0.96) and the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81 to 0.94) was good to excellent.
The Chinese version of the modified Fresno test is a valid and reliable tool for objectively assessing evidence-based practice knowledge and skills in Chinese-speaking physical therapists and students.
改良弗雷斯诺测试旨在评估物理治疗师及学生与循证实践相关的知识和技能，但尚无中文版。因此，本研究旨在将改良弗雷斯诺测试的英文版进行跨文化改编为中文，并评估其有效性和可靠性。
这是一项横断面验证研究。在第1阶段跨文化改编过程中，进行了正向翻译、综合、回译、专家评审和预终测试。分析了内容效度。在第2阶段验证中，两组代表不同循证实践能力水平的人员，间隔两周完成两次测试。分析了已知组效度、内部一致性和重测信度。
第1阶段：根据专家评审，改良弗雷斯诺测试中文版显示出良好的内容效度（条目水平内容效度指数=0.93至1.0；量表水平内容效度指数=0.99）。第2阶段：专家组在整个测试中的得分（115.3±36.2）显著高于新手组（79.7±25.8）（p=0.01），表明已知组效度良好。然而，在测试的所有问题中，专家组相对于新手组的优势表现并不一致。此外，内部一致性良好（Cronbach'sα=0.96），重测信度良好至优秀（ICC=0.89，95%CI=0.81至0.94）。
改良弗雷斯诺测试中文版是客观评估华语物理治疗师及学生循证实践知识和技能的有效且可靠工具。
