Robazza Claudio, Vitali Francesca, Bortoli Laura, Ruiz Montse C
BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Dec 18;6:1521613. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1521613. eCollection 2024.
The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between dispositional mindfulness, cognitive appraisals, emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences in athletes within the framework of multi-states (MuSt) theory.
A convenience sample of 334 Italian athletes (188 men and 146 women), aged 18-48 years ( = 24.77, = 7.26) and involved in individual or team sports, were recruited for the study. Athletes were assessed individually or in small groups before regular practice sessions.
Path analysis showed positive indirect effects via challenge appraisal from mindful awareness and refocusing to excitement, happiness, and psychobiosocial experiences, and negative indirect effects to anxiety and dejection. Positive indirect effects were observed via threat appraisal from mindful awareness and refocusing to happiness and psychobiosocial experiences, and negative indirect effects to anxiety, dejection, and anger.
The results highlight the impact of mindful awareness, refocusing, and cognitive appraisals on athletes' emotional and psychobiosocial experiences. Overall findings support MuSt theoretical foundation and suggest that mindfulness may help athletes view challenges as opportunities to express their potential by triggering pleasant emotions and functional psychobiosocial experiences. From an applied perspective, the findings support the use of mindfulness practice in the development of programs to promote athletes' challenge appraisals, pleasant and functional emotional experiences, which may enhance their performance.
本研究旨在在多状态（MuSt）理论框架下，探讨运动员的特质正念、认知评估、情绪和心理生物社会体验之间的关系。
招募了334名意大利运动员（188名男性和146名女性）作为便利样本，年龄在18 - 48岁之间（平均年龄 = 24.77岁，标准差 = 7.26岁），参与个人或团体运动，用于本研究。运动员在常规训练课程前进行单独或小组评估。
路径分析显示，通过挑战性评估，正念觉察和重新聚焦对兴奋、幸福和心理生物社会体验有正向间接影响，对焦虑和沮丧有负向间接影响。通过威胁性评估，正念觉察和重新聚焦对幸福和心理生物社会体验有正向间接影响，对焦虑、沮丧和愤怒有负向间接影响。
研究结果突出了正念觉察、重新聚焦和认知评估对运动员情绪和心理生物社会体验的影响。总体研究结果支持MuSt理论基础，并表明正念可能有助于运动员将挑战视为通过引发愉悦情绪和功能性心理生物社会体验来发挥自身潜力的机会。从应用角度来看，研究结果支持在开发促进运动员挑战性评估、愉悦和功能性情绪体验的项目中运用正念练习，这可能会提高他们的表现。
