Kozińska Monika, Filipczak Dorota, Klatt Magdalena, Dziadek Jarosław, Minias Alina, Zygała-Pytlos Daria, Makarevich Tatiana, Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa
Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland.
Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland
Pol Arch Intern Med. 2025 Jan 30;135(1). doi: 10.20452/pamw.16904. Epub 2025 Jan 2.
The presented analysis was conducted against the backdrop of the global pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war. The conflict on Poland's eastern border raised concerns about potential deterioration of the epidemiological situation in Poland due to the influx of immigrants from countries with a high incidence of multidrug‑resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) and the Beijing genotype.
We aimed to assess the epidemiological situation of MDR‑TB in Poland from 2018 to 2022 and to analyze the prevalence of the Beijing genotype in both the Polish and immigrant populations.
The study group comprised 250 patients with bacteriologically confirmed MDR‑TB, diagnosed between 2018 and 2022. Microbiological, phenotypic, and molecular analyses were performed.
Significant changes were observed in the number of MDR‑TB cases, with a notable increase in registered cases after the outbreak of the war. One in 3 patients was infected with pre‑XDR strains, and 1 in 4 with XDR strains. A total of 40% of cases were resistant to fluoroquinolones, with higher resistance rates observed among Polish patients than the immigrants. MDR as well as MDR with resistance to second‑line injectable drugs were identified more often among the immigrants than the Polish population. The Beijing genotype dominated with 179 isolates (71.6%), identified with a similarly high frequency in both the immigrant and Polish populations.
The war in Ukraine caused a massive influx of immigrants to Poland, many of whom were infected with MDR and Beijing strains of TB. There is a significant risk of an increase in the incidence of MDR‑TB in Poland in the future, as well as a potential for TB transmission between the immigrants and the native population.
本分析是在全球大流行和俄乌战争的背景下进行的。波兰东部边境的冲突引发了人们对波兰流行病学状况可能恶化的担忧，原因是来自耐多药（MDR）结核病发病率高且具有北京基因型的国家的移民涌入。
我们旨在评估2018年至2022年波兰耐多药结核病的流行病学状况，并分析波兰和移民人群中北京基因型的流行情况。
研究组包括2018年至2022年间确诊的250例细菌学确诊的耐多药结核病患者。进行了微生物学、表型和分子分析。
耐多药结核病病例数出现了显著变化，战争爆发后登记病例显著增加。三分之一的患者感染了广泛耐药前菌株，四分之一的患者感染了广泛耐药菌株。共有40%的病例对氟喹诺酮类药物耐药，波兰患者的耐药率高于移民。在移民中发现耐多药以及对二线注射药物耐药的情况比波兰人群更常见。北京基因型占主导地位，有179株分离株（71.6%），在移民和波兰人群中发现的频率相似。
乌克兰战争导致大量移民涌入波兰，其中许多人感染了耐多药和北京型结核菌株。未来波兰耐多药结核病发病率有显著上升的风险，以及移民与当地人口之间存在结核病传播的可能性。
