Zibaeenezhad Mohammad Javad, Sayadi Mehrab, Pourmontaseri Hossein, Khalili Davood, Farjam Mojtaba, Bahramail Ehsan, Parsa Nader, Dehghan Azizallah, Mohammadi Seyyed Saeed, Razeghian-Jahromi Iman, Bazrafshan Drissi Hamed, Sepehrinia Matin
Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 2;15(1):550. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84366-4.
The first step to reducing the growing burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is to find modifiable risk factors with the highest burden in each population. Urban and rural citizens may have different priorities in this regard. This study aimed to compare the 10-year incidence probability of CVD events and its associated risk factors between rural and urban areas in Iran. Data was extracted from two big cohorts, Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) and Shiraz Heart Study (SHS), with participation of over 12,000 general population. Linear regression models were used to test the difference in CVD risk between two populations. Totally, 6,258 FACS and 6,101 SHS participants entered the study. Urban participants had a significantly higher mean ASCVD score (4.43% vs. 5.51%, p-value < 0.001). Also, they significantly showed higher body mass index, waist circumference, cholesterol level, fasting blood glucose level, systolic blood pressure, educational attainment, and occupational status. However, the prevalence of smoking was higher in rural areas. Notably, socioeconomic parameters including marital, occupational, and educational statuses seem to have strong impact on cardiovascular risk factors. After adjustment for all confounders, living in the urban areas seemed to be associated with higher atherosclerotic CVD risk (β = 0.78, 95%CI: [0.69-1.05]), which was consistent across both sexes. Given the higher risk of cardiovascular events in urban areas and different profiles of risk factors between these two regions, preventive strategies should be precisely and separately designed for each population by the health authorities and policymakers in order to reduce the CVD toll efficiently.
减轻心血管疾病（CVD）日益沉重负担的第一步是找出各人群中负担最重的可改变风险因素。在这方面，城市和农村居民可能有不同的优先事项。本研究旨在比较伊朗农村和城市地区心血管疾病事件的10年发病概率及其相关风险因素。数据来自两个大型队列，即法萨成人队列研究（FACS）和设拉子心脏研究（SHS），超过12000名普通人群参与其中。使用线性回归模型来检验两个人群之间心血管疾病风险的差异。共有6258名FACS参与者和6101名SHS参与者进入研究。城市参与者的平均动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）评分显著更高（4.43%对5.51%，p值<0.001）。此外，他们的体重指数、腰围、胆固醇水平、空腹血糖水平、收缩压、教育程度和职业状况也显著更高。然而，农村地区的吸烟率更高。值得注意的是，包括婚姻、职业和教育状况在内的社会经济参数似乎对心血管风险因素有很大影响。在对所有混杂因素进行调整后，居住在城市地区似乎与更高的动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险相关（β=0.78，95%置信区间：[0.69 - 1.05]），这在男女中都是一致的。鉴于城市地区心血管事件风险更高，且这两个地区的风险因素特征不同，卫生当局和政策制定者应为每个人群精确且分别制定预防策略，以有效降低心血管疾病的死亡率。
