Accuracy and operation procedure of robotic computer-aided implant surgery.

This study assessed the accuracy of robotic computer-aided implant surgery (rCAIS) in partially edentulous patients using a standard operation procedure. Patients who underwent implant placement surgeries using the robotic system under a standard operation procedure were recruited. Deviations of dental implants were calculated after superimposition of the preoperative and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The possible effects of the implant regions on these deviations were investigated. A total of 30 participants were enrolled in the study and 44 implants were inserted. The median (25th-75th percentile) global coronal deviation, global apical deviation, and angular deviation were 0.62 mm (0.46-1.00), 0.62 mm (0.49-1.01) and 1.16 (0.69-1.69) °, respectively. The jaw was a factor in the lateral coronal, vertical coronal, and vertical apical deviations (P < 0.05). Both the lateral coronal and apical deviations were greater for immediate implant placements than for delayed implant placements (P < 0.05). The implant dimensions significantly affected the apical deviation (P < 0.05). These results indicate that rCAIS based on a standard operation procedure is safe and accurate in partially edentulous patients. However, there remains a need to optimize robotic systems to simplify the workflow and improve their ability to recognize and respond to complex bone structures. Further clinical studies should also focus on comparing the long-term implant success rate and related complications of rCAIS with traditional approaches.