Huang T Y, Cai S, Zhang Y H, Li J X, Sun Z Y, Yang T, Gao J Q, Dong Y H, Xing Y, Zhang X H, Song Y
School of Public Health/Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
School Health Division, Inner Mongolia Center for Integrated Disease Prevention and Control, Hohhot 010031, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2025 Feb 6;59(2):189-194. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240805-00624.
To analyze the changes in the prevalence characteristics of multimorbidity among adolescents aged 13-18 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2022 and to explore the association between multimorbidity and moderate to high-intensity physical activity among them. A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select students aged 13-18 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region every September from 2019 to 2022. Physical examinations, demographic characteristics, and depression-related surveys were conducted to analyze the multimorbidity of overweight, obesity, high blood pressure, myopia, spinal curvature abnormality, and depression. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between multimorbidity and moderate to high-intensity physical activity. From 2019 to 2022, 70 972, 62 923, 80 254, and 78 288 study subjects were included, with the rates of multimorbidity being 56.4%, 55.4%, 57.2%, and 55.8%, respectively. The rates of multimorbidity remained relatively stable from 2019 to 2022 (=0.06, =0.950). The incidence of multimorbidity among girls was significantly higher than that among boys (<0.001). The incidence of multimorbidity among urban students was significantly higher than that among suburban students (<0.001). The incidence of multimorbidity among high school students was higher than that among middle school students (<0.001). The top three multimorbidity combinations were myopia and overweight/obesity (26.4%), myopia and high blood pressure (24.4%), and myopia and depression (19.8%), while the least common combination was depression and spinal curvature abnormality (1.1%). The multimorbidity patterns showed no significant differences between years (=0.03, =0.999). The multimorbidity status was significantly associated with the status of meeting the standard of moderate to high-intensity physical activity (=0.83, 95%: 0.80-0.86). The association was stronger in boys (=0.77, 95%: 0.73-0.81) compared with girls (=0.90, 95%: 0.85-0.96), with a significant interaction term (<0.001). From 2019 to 2022, the incidence of multimorbidity among adolescents aged 13 to 18 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is relatively high, mainly due to the co-occurrence of myopia and other health problems. Adequate physical activity is an important factor in reducing multimorbidity.
分析2019年至2022年内蒙古自治区13 - 18岁青少年多病共存流行特征的变化，并探讨他们中多病共存与中高强度身体活动之间的关联。采用分层随机整群抽样方法，于2019年至2022年每年9月选取内蒙古自治区13 - 18岁的学生。进行体格检查、人口统计学特征及抑郁相关调查，以分析超重、肥胖、高血压、近视、脊柱侧弯异常和抑郁的多病共存情况。使用逻辑回归模型分析多病共存与中高强度身体活动之间的关联。2019年至2022年，纳入研究对象分别为70972、62923、80254和78288名，多病共存率分别为56.4%、55.4%、57.2%和55.8%。2019年至2022年多病共存率相对稳定（χ² = 0.06，P = 0.950）。女孩的多病共存发生率显著高于男孩（P < 0.001）。城市学生的多病共存发生率显著高于郊区学生（P < 0.001）。高中生的多病共存发生率高于初中生（P < 0.001）。多病共存的前三种组合是近视与超重/肥胖（26.4%）、近视与高血压（24.4%）、近视与抑郁（19.8%），而最不常见的组合是抑郁与脊柱侧弯异常（1.1%）。多病共存模式在各年份间无显著差异（χ² = 0.03，P = 0.999）。多病共存状况与达到中高强度身体活动标准的状况显著相关（β = 0.83，95%CI：0.80 - 0.86）。与女孩（β = 0.90，95%CI：0.85 - 0.96）相比，男孩的关联更强（β = 0.77，95%CI：0.73 - 0.81），且存在显著的交互项（P < 0.001）。2019年至2022年，内蒙古自治区13至18岁青少年的多病共存发生率较高，主要是由于近视与其他健康问题的共同出现。充足的身体活动是降低多病共存的重要因素。
