Schommer Susan K, Samuel Melissa S, Whitworth Kristin M, Byrne Addison K, Wells Kevin D, Prather Randall S
Division of Animal Sciences, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
Division of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Dec 19;11:1471184. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1471184. eCollection 2024.
A major concern of xenotransplantation is that donor organs may be a source of pathogens. One pathogen in particular, porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV), a porcine roseolovirus (PRV), is thought to result in donor organ failure in an immunosuppressed state. Porcine cytomegalovirus is difficult to detect in organ donor swine because of its ability to establish latency. Establishment of an antemortem testing protocol to monitor and maintain PCMV/PRV negative herd status decreases the risk of inadvertently using an organ harboring the virus. Oral fluid has become a common sample for detecting a number of porcine pathogens. A real-time PCR assay was adapted to include an internal control for inhibition and results from antemortem samples (blood, oral fluid) were compared to postmortem spleen from pigs in a known positive herd. When using both oral fluid and blood to test pigs over 12 months of age 13/20 animals with positive spleens tested real-time PCR positive. Animals younger than 12 months of age were tested individually and in group housing with all pigs positive by oral fluid and/or blood. PCMV/PRV testing of oral fluid in young animals and a combination of blood and oral fluid in older animals can be used to verify that a herd has been kept PCMV/PRV free, as in the high biosecurity facility of the National Swine Resource and Research Center.
异种移植的一个主要问题是供体器官可能成为病原体的来源。特别是一种病原体,猪巨细胞病毒(PCMV),一种猪玫瑰疹病毒(PRV),被认为会在免疫抑制状态下导致供体器官衰竭。由于猪巨细胞病毒具有建立潜伏感染的能力,因此在器官供体猪中很难检测到它。建立生前检测方案以监测和维持PCMV/PRV阴性畜群状态,可降低无意中使用携带该病毒的器官的风险。口腔液已成为检测多种猪病原体的常用样本。一种实时PCR检测方法经过改进,加入了抑制作用的内部对照,并将生前样本(血液、口腔液)的检测结果与已知阳性畜群中猪的死后脾脏检测结果进行了比较。当使用口腔液和血液对12个月龄以上的猪进行检测时,13/20脾脏呈阳性的动物实时PCR检测呈阳性。对12个月龄以下的动物进行单独检测,并在群体饲养环境中对所有猪进行检测,结果显示口腔液和/或血液检测均呈阳性。在国家猪资源与研究中心的高生物安全设施中,对幼龄动物的口腔液以及老龄动物的血液和口腔液组合进行PCMV/PRV检测,可用于验证畜群是否保持无PCMV/PRV状态。