Henao-Diaz Alexandra, Giménez-Lirola Luis, Baum David H, Zimmerman Jeffrey
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA.
Porcine Health Manag. 2020 Oct 19;6:28. doi: 10.1186/s40813-020-00168-w. eCollection 2020.
Recent decades have seen both rapid growth and extensive consolidation in swine production. As a collateral effect, these changes have exacerbated the circulation of viruses and challenged our ability to prevent, control, and/or eliminate impactful swine diseases. Recent pandemic events in human and animal health, e.g., SARS-CoV-2 and African swine fever virus, highlight the fact that clinical observations are too slow and inaccurate to form the basis for effective health management decisions: systematic processes that provide timely, reliable data are required. Oral fluid-based surveillance reflects the adaptation of conventional testing methods to an alternative diagnostic specimen. The routine use of oral fluids in commercial farms for PRRSV and PCV2 surveillance was first proposed in 2008 as an efficient and practical improvement on individual pig sampling. Subsequent research expanded on this initial report to include the detection of ≥23 swine viral pathogens and the implementation of oral fluid-based surveillance in large swine populations (> 12,000 pigs). Herein we compile the current information regarding oral fluid collection methods, testing, and surveillance applications in swine production.
近几十年来，养猪业迅速发展并广泛整合。作为附带影响，这些变化加剧了病毒的传播，并对我们预防、控制和/或消除有影响力的猪病的能力构成了挑战。近期人类和动物健康领域的大流行事件，例如严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和非洲猪瘟病毒，凸显了临床观察过于缓慢和不准确，无法作为有效健康管理决策的基础这一事实：需要能够提供及时、可靠数据的系统流程。基于口腔液体的监测反映了传统检测方法对替代诊断样本的适应性。2008年首次提出在商业养殖场常规使用口腔液体进行猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）和猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）监测，作为对个体猪采样的一种高效且实用的改进。随后的研究在这份初步报告的基础上进行了拓展，包括检测≥23种猪病毒病原体，并在大型猪群（>12,000头猪）中实施基于口腔液体的监测。在此，我们汇总了有关猪生产中口腔液体采集方法、检测及监测应用的当前信息。
