Niu Fang, Wang Xiang
School of Philosophy and Sociology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Dec 19;12:1395996. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1395996. eCollection 2024.
Growing awareness has highlighted the challenging living condition faced by rural left-behind women (RLW), yet their psychological well-being has not been fully investigated. This study aims to investigate the psychological well-being of RLW in Northwest China and exploring its associated factors.
A total of 697 RLW from five provincial regions were enrolled. Sociodemographic characteristics were collected using a set of researcher-designed questionnaires. Depression, anxiety, and feeling of security were assessed using the Zung's self-rating depression scale (SDS), Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and security questionnaire (SQ), respectively.
The prevalences of depression and anxiety among RLW were 35.7 and 37.6%, respectively, and feelings of security was relatively low in RLW, with a mean SQ score of 50.16 ± 11.37. Chi-square tests and multiple linear regression analyses indicated that labor intensity, physical health conditions, marital satisfaction and stability, relationships with children, frequency of husband coming home, left-behind duration, domestic violence, and sexual harassment after husbands left were risk factors of psychological well-being of RLW.
These findings revealed that the psychological well-being of RLW in Northwest China is not promising, which should therefore, be given special attention. It is essential to prioritize the improvement of the psychological well-being for RLW by providing accessible and targeted supports and interventions tailored to cope with their challenges.
人们越来越意识到农村留守妇女（RLW）面临的具有挑战性的生活状况，然而她们的心理健康状况尚未得到充分调查。本研究旨在调查中国西北部农村留守妇女的心理健康状况，并探索其相关因素。
共纳入了来自五个省级地区的697名农村留守妇女。使用一组研究人员设计的问卷收集社会人口学特征。分别使用zung氏自评抑郁量表（SDS）、zung氏自评焦虑量表（SAS）和安全感问卷（SQ）评估抑郁、焦虑和安全感。
农村留守妇女中抑郁和焦虑的患病率分别为35.7%和37.6%，她们的安全感相对较低，安全感问卷平均得分为50.16±11.37。卡方检验和多元线性回归分析表明，劳动强度、身体健康状况、婚姻满意度和稳定性、与子女的关系、丈夫回家频率、留守时间、家庭暴力以及丈夫外出后的性骚扰是农村留守妇女心理健康的危险因素。
这些研究结果表明，中国西北部农村留守妇女的心理健康状况不容乐观，因此应给予特别关注。必须优先通过提供易于获得且有针对性的支持和干预措施来改善农村留守妇女的心理健康状况，以应对她们面临的挑战。
