Huang Hao, Liu Siqi, Sharma Aditi, Zou Futing, Tian Fangqiong, Wu Hui
Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,
Department of Public Health Science, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2018 Nov 2;11:525-533. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S179052. eCollection 2018.
The living environment in rural China may predispose individuals there to low life satisfaction (LS). This study aims to evaluate factors that affect LS among married women in rural China.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural Liaoning Province in China, in 2015. Out of 3,900 married women, 3,385 (86.8%) completed a questionnaire survey. LS was assessed using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), with 35 as the maximal possible score. Stress (quantified by the Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), resilience (assessed by the Ego-Resiliency Scale [ERS]), and demographic and living/health conditions factors were collected through self-reported questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation modeling were used to explore the contributing and mediating factors related to LS.
The overall LS score was 18.94±4.96. A younger age, lower monthly income, presence of chronic diseases, left-behind status, and sense of marriage insecurity were negatively associated with LS. Perceived stress was a strong predictor of LS, as it explained 19.7% of the variance. Higher levels of resilience were related to higher levels of LS, explaining 15.4% of the variance. Resilience partially mediated the relationship between stress and LS for rural residents in China.
Overall, married women living in rural China experienced a relatively low level of LS. The construction of additional recreational facilities, provision of convenient access to medical information, facilitation of communication between couples, reduction of stress, and development of resilience could all be beneficial intervention strategies to improve LS for these rural residents.
中国农村的生活环境可能使当地居民的生活满意度较低。本研究旨在评估影响中国农村已婚女性生活满意度的因素。
这项横断面研究于2015年在中国辽宁省农村地区进行。在3900名已婚女性中，3385名（86.8%）完成了问卷调查。生活满意度采用生活满意度量表（SWLS）进行评估，最高分为35分。压力（通过感知压力量表[PSS]量化）、心理弹性（通过自我心理弹性量表[ERS]评估）以及人口统计学和生活/健康状况因素通过自我报告问卷收集。采用分层多元回归和结构方程模型来探索与生活满意度相关的影响因素和中介因素。
生活满意度总体得分为18.94±4.96。年龄较小、月收入较低、患有慢性病、留守状态以及婚姻不安全感与生活满意度呈负相关。感知压力是生活满意度的一个强有力的预测因素，它解释了19.7%的方差变异。较高水平的心理弹性与较高水平的生活满意度相关，解释了15.4%的方差变异。心理弹性在中国农村居民中部分介导了压力与生活满意度之间的关系。
总体而言，中国农村的已婚女性生活满意度相对较低。建设更多的娱乐设施、提供便捷的医疗信息获取途径、促进夫妻间的沟通、减轻压力以及培养心理弹性都可能是提高这些农村居民生活满意度的有益干预策略。
