Chishti Muhammad Farhan Ayaz, Ur Rahman Muhammad Aziz, Bilal Muhammad Qamar, Riaz Muhammad, Khalid Muhammad Farooq, Anwar Urooj, Mustafa Riaz, Abbas Waseem, Farooq Umar
Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Sub Campus T.T Singh, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Jan 3;57(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04269-4.
The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of particle size (PS) and inclusion level of wheat straw (WS) obtained from genetically improved wheat on the performance and feeding behavior of Sahiwal cows. Twelve multiparous, mid-lactating Sahiwal cows (DIM 135 ± 25, mean ± SD; 12.8 ± 1.6 kg/d milk, 331 ± 21 kg of BW) were split into groups of 4 and subjected to each of four treatments in a 2*2 cross-over design. For experimental diets, TMR differed in the length and inclusion level of the WS component in that diet, (1) straw chopped with a 2 cm screen (Fine chopped- FC, and inclusion, i.e., FCA = 20% and FCB = 30%) or (2) straw chopped with a 4 cm screen (long chopped-LC, and inclusion, i.e., LCA = 20% and LCB = 30%). The increased dry matter (DM) intake (9.10 kg/d) and crude protein (CP) intake (1.25 kg/d) were observed in FCA. The diets with the shorter PS and higher inclusion (i.e., FCB) exhibited higher neutral detergent fibre (NDF) intake (3.77 kg) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) intake (2.72 kg). The findings of digestibility showed higher DM-digestibility in LCA (55.24%). Meanwhile, the higher digestibility of CP (52.9%) and ADF (36%) was found in LCB, and NDF (38.5%) was observed in LCA. Moreover, cows receiving FCA diets showed improved milk (15.5 kg/d), 3.5%FCM (17.76 kg/d), fat (0.683/d Kg), and protein (0.516 kg/d) yields and production efficiency. However, the milk composition was improved in cows fed with LCB diets. Furthermore, the behavioural activities showed higher eating (i.e., 228.3 min/day), rumination (391 min./day), and chewing (617.9 min./day) activities in LCB diets. Whereas, the lying activity (568.5 min/day) was greater in FCA-fed cows. Our study suggests that incorporating fine-chopped WS @ 20% improves the overall production performance and feeding behavior of the cows.
本研究旨在评估从基因改良小麦中获得的麦秸颗粒大小（PS）和添加水平对萨希瓦尔奶牛生产性能和采食行为的影响。12头经产、处于泌乳中期的萨希瓦尔奶牛（泌乳天数135±25天，均值±标准差；日产奶量12.8±1.6千克，体重331±21千克）被分成4组，采用2×2交叉设计，每组接受四种处理中的一种。对于实验日粮，全混合日粮（TMR）在日粮中麦秸成分的长度和添加水平上有所不同，（1）通过2厘米筛网切碎的麦秸（细切 - FC，添加量，即FCA = 20%和FCB = 30%）或（2）通过4厘米筛网切碎的麦秸（长切 - LC，添加量，即LCA = 20%和LCB = 30%）。在FCA组中观察到干物质（DM）摄入量（9.10千克/天）和粗蛋白（CP）摄入量（1.25千克/天）增加。颗粒大小较短且添加量较高的日粮（即FCB）表现出较高的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）摄入量（3.77千克）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）摄入量（2.72千克）。消化率研究结果表明，LCA组的DM消化率较高（55.24%）。同时，LCB组的CP消化率较高（52.9%），ADF消化率较高（36%），LCA组的NDF消化率为（38.5%）。此外，采食FCA日粮的奶牛产奶量（15.5千克/天）、3.5%乳脂校正乳（FCM）产量（17.76千克/天）、脂肪产量（0.683千克/天）和蛋白质产量（0.516千克/天）以及生产效率均有所提高。然而，采食LCB日粮的奶牛乳成分有所改善。此外，行为活动方面，LCB日粮组的采食（即228.3分钟/天）、反刍（391分钟/天）和咀嚼（617.9分钟/天）活动较高。而采食FCA日粮的奶牛躺卧活动（568.5分钟/天）较多。我们的研究表明，添加20%的细切麦秸可改善奶牛的整体生产性能和采食行为。
