Ernst Jutta, Petry Heidi, Naef Rahel
Center of Clinical Nursing Science, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute for Implementation Science in Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Int Nurs Rev. 2025 Mar;72(1):e13089. doi: 10.1111/inr.13089.
To describe the characteristics and quality of caring interactions between nurses and patients during the earlier phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in acute and home care settings.
Nurse-patient interaction (NPI) plays an important role in effective, person-centered care delivery and has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
The survey was part of a multimethod study and used a cross-sectional design. It included both nurses and patients receiving care during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-June 2020) at a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital and two large public home care agencies. Data were collected from July to October 2020, using the Individualized Care Scale (ICS), patient and nurse versions. The ICS is a 5-point Likert-type scale divided into two dimensions: ICS-A and ICS-B with 17 items each. The ICS-A subscale assesses patients' or nurses' perceptions of patient individuality as supported by specific nursing activities. The aim of the ICS-B subscale, conversely, is to assess perceptions of how individuality is maintained in the care either provided or received. Inferential statistics were used for comparisons between settings and populations. The study followed the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies.
The survey was completed by 443 nurses and 295 patients. Patients' perception of "nurses support their individuality" was moderate (ICS-A 3.42, range 1-5), as was their perception of "nurses provide individual care to patients" (ICS-B 3.89, range 1-5). Nurses' own perception of supporting individuality was found to be high (ICS-A 4.30, range 1-5), as was the mean score of their actual provision of individual care (ICS-B 4.21, range 1-5), which was statistically significantly higher than the ratings of patients. Nurses working in home care rated individuality and individual care statistically significantly higher than those working in acute care.
The findings suggest that during the earlier phases of the pandemic, Swiss nurses perceived their support of patient individuality and individual care to be higher than their European peers had prior to the pandemic and higher than patients did. However, those engaged in the provision of care within a hospital setting perceived the level of individuality and individual care to be lower than those engaged in the provision of care within a home care setting.
It is evident that nurses' efforts and contributions to the quality of care require organizational recognition and support. Their commitment should be recognized and supported by leadership and policymakers.
描述在新冠疫情早期，急症护理和家庭护理环境中护士与患者之间关怀互动的特征和质量。
护士-患者互动（NPI）在以患者为中心的有效护理服务中发挥着重要作用，且受到了新冠疫情的影响。
该调查是一项多方法研究的一部分，采用横断面设计。研究对象包括一所大学附属医院的三级护理医院以及两家大型公共家庭护理机构中，在新冠疫情第一波期间（2020年3月至6月）接受护理的护士和患者。2020年7月至10月收集数据，使用个体化护理量表（ICS）的患者版和护士版。ICS是一个5点李克特量表，分为两个维度：ICS-A和ICS-B，各有17个条目。ICS-A子量表评估患者或护士对特定护理活动所支持的患者个体性的认知。相反，ICS-B子量表的目的是评估对在提供或接受的护理中如何保持个体性的认知。使用推断性统计方法对不同环境和人群进行比较。该研究遵循横断面研究的STROBE清单。
443名护士和295名患者完成了调查。患者对“护士支持其个体性”的认知为中等水平（ICS-A 3.42，范围1 - 5），对“护士为患者提供个性化护理”的认知也是中等水平（ICS-B 3.89，范围1 - 5）。发现护士自身对支持个体性的认知较高（ICS-A 4.30，范围1 - 5），他们实际提供个性化护理的平均得分也较高（ICS-B 4.21，范围1 - 5），在统计学上显著高于患者的评分。在家庭护理工作的护士对个体性和个性化护理的评分在统计学上显著高于在急症护理工作的护士。
研究结果表明，在疫情早期，瑞士护士认为他们对患者个体性和个性化护理的支持高于疫情前欧洲同行的水平，也高于患者的认知。然而，在医院环境中提供护理的护士认为个体性和个性化护理的水平低于在家庭护理环境中提供护理的护士。
显然，护士对护理质量的努力和贡献需要组织的认可和支持。他们的奉献精神应得到领导和政策制定者的认可和支持。
