Andargie Getnet Alemu, Seid Kedir, Lakew Gebeyehu, Yirsaw Amlaku Nigusie, Berhie Alemshet Yirga, Belayneh Asnake Gashaw, Bogale Solomon Ketema, Bogale Eyob Ketema, Getachew Eyob
Department of Nutrition, Antsokiya Gemza Wereda Health Office, North Shoa, Ethiopia.
Bati Primary Hospital, Oromo Special Zone, North Shoa, Ethiopia.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Jan 4;25(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-05319-4.
Complementary feeding is crucial for infant growth, but poor hygiene during this period increases the risk of malnutrition and illness. In Ethiopia, national data on hygiene practices during complementary feeding, particularly among mothers of children aged 6-24 months, is limited. This study aims to synthesize existing data through a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the status of hygiene practices and identify key influencing factors, informing public health strategies to improve child health outcomes.
The systematic review methods were defined following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search strategy was implemented using electronic databases (Medline, Global Health, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Psyc INFO) as well as grey literature. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of the studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 17 software to compute pooled prevalence and odds ratios (OR) for the determinant factors, with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
The systematic review and meta-analysis included six studies with 2,565 mothers. The overall pooled prevalence of hygienic practices during complementary feeding was 42% (95% CI: 35%-48%). Subgroup analysis showed a prevalence of 41% in southern Ethiopia and 39% in northern Ethiopia. Significant factors associated with better hygiene practices included having hand washing facilities near toilets (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.04-8.31, p = 0.01) and a positive attitude towards hygiene (AOR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.07-4.69, p < 0.05).
This systematic review and meta-analysis found a low proportion of hygienic practices during complementary feeding in Ethiopia, with maternal attitude and access to hand washing facilities identified as key predictors. Training and counseling for mothers on safe food processing are recommended, along with further research on community interventions and the impact of socio-economic factors on hygiene practices.
辅食添加对婴儿生长至关重要，但在此期间卫生状况不佳会增加营养不良和患病风险。在埃塞俄比亚，关于辅食添加期间卫生习惯的全国性数据有限，尤其是6至24个月儿童的母亲群体。本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析综合现有数据，以评估卫生习惯状况并确定关键影响因素，为改善儿童健康结果的公共卫生策略提供依据。
按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南确定系统评价方法。使用电子数据库（Medline、全球卫生、谷歌学术、科学网、Embase、CINAHL和Psyc INFO）以及灰色文献实施检索策略。采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）批判性评价清单评估研究质量。使用STATA 17软件进行荟萃分析，计算决定因素的合并患病率和优势比（OR），并给出95%置信区间（CI）。
该系统评价和荟萃分析纳入了六项研究，涉及2565名母亲。辅食添加期间卫生习惯的总体合并患病率为42%（95%CI：35%-48%）。亚组分析显示，埃塞俄比亚南部的患病率为41%，北部为39%。与更好的卫生习惯相关的显著因素包括厕所附近设有洗手设施（调整后的优势比：4.6，95%CI：1.04-8.31，p = 0.01）以及对卫生持积极态度（调整后的优势比：2.7，95%CI：1.07-4.69，p < 0.05）。
该系统评价和荟萃分析发现，埃塞俄比亚辅食添加期间卫生习惯的比例较低，确定母亲的态度和洗手设施的可及性为关键预测因素。建议为母亲提供安全食品加工方面的培训和咨询，同时进一步研究社区干预措施以及社会经济因素对卫生习惯的影响。
